Tawagar masana'antar man fetur ta Shanghai ta yi nasarar lalata wutar lantarkizare na carbonharsashin tocila a digiri 1000 na Celsius a cikin tsarin shirya matsala mai wahala, nasarar samar da tocila "Flying". Nauyinsa ya fi kashi 20% na harsashin ƙarfe na aluminum na gargajiya, tare da halayen "mai haske, mai ƙarfi da kyau".
A watan Janairun 2022, ƙungiyar bincike kan tocilar mai ta Shanghai ta sanya tankunan hydrogen don tocilar "Flying" a Beijing.
Kamfanin hakar mai na ShanghaiCarbon FiberLayin Samarwa
Yongjun Hu
Gasar Olympics ta Paris ta 2024 za ta fara, 'yan wasa sun shirya tsaf, masoyan wasanni suna cike da tsammani. A wannan karon, ba za mu iya daina tunani ba sai mun koma baya ga Gasar Olympics ta hunturu ta Beijing da Gasar Paralympic ta 2022. A matsayinta na abokiyar hulɗa ta hukuma ta Gasar Olympics ta Beijing da Gasar Paralympic ta 2022, SINOPEC ta kasance tana cika nauyin da ke kanta da manufofinta, tana shiga cikin ayyukan shirye-shirye, da kuma sadaukar da kanta ga gina wurare, samar da makamashi, kariyar kayan aiki da ayyukan sa kai. Daga cikinsu, SINOPEC ta jagoranci bincike da haɓakawa da kuma samar da wutar lantarki ta Olympics ta hunturu mai yawa, inda ta cimma burinta na farko a duniya.zare na carbonkayan haɗin gwiwa don yin harsashin fitilar Olympics, yana taimakawa wasannin Olympics na Green.
Asali
Cika nauyin da ya rataya a wuyan manyan kamfanoni, ta yadda za a sanya "baƙar zinariya" ta carbon fiber a cikin wutar wasannin Olympics na lokacin hunturu.
A shekarar 2018, Shanghai Petrochemical ta yi maraba da tawagar da ta ziyarta wadda ta haɗa da wasu fitattun 'yan wasa. Da yake gabatar da fasahar carbon fiber ta SINOPEC, Huang Xiangyu, mataimakin babban manajan Shanghai Petrochemical, ya ce da alfahari, "Zaren carbon kashi ɗaya bisa huɗu ne kawai na nauyin ƙarfe, amma ya ninka sau bakwai zuwa tara. Zaren carbon ɗinmu ba wai kawai zai iya yin fitilar Olympics ba, har ma yana da sauƙi da ƙarfi."
Wannan kalami ne da ba a saba gani ba wanda ya haifar da alaƙar da ke tsakanin Shanghai Petrochemical da wutar wasannin Olympics na lokacin hunturu.
A watan Afrilun 2020, Kwamitin Shirya Gasar Olympics ta Lokacin Sanyi na Beijing ya nemi shawarwari kan yadda za a fara nuna wutar daga dukkan al'umma. Nan take suka yi tunanin fasahar carbon fiber ta SGPC suka fara neman damar yin hadin gwiwa.
Lokaci ya yi kaɗan, aikin yana da nauyi, kuma buƙatun suna da yawa, shin zai yi aiki ko a'a?
"Ba wai kawai za mu iya yin hakan ba, amma dole ne mu yi shi da kyau!" Kamfanin Man Fetur na Shanghai ya cika dukkan nauyin da ke kan manyan kamfanonin, tare da shekaru da yawa na nomazare na carbonfilin ya ƙware a fasahar zamani, ya ɗauki matakin ɗaukar nauyin haɓaka harsashin fitilar Olympics na lokacin hunturu.
"Ƙungiyar Jam'iyyar ta ƙungiyar tana ba wa ƙungiyar muhimmanci sosai, kuma ta sha ba da umarni cewa dole ne a gina wani babban abun ciki na wutar wasannin Olympics na lokacin hunturu don nuna ƙarfin sabbin fasahohin kimiyya da fasaha na SINOPEC, da kuma nuna hoton kamfanin SINOPEC na kasancewa mai da hankali kan siyasa, la'akari da yanayin gabaɗaya, da kuma ɗaukar alhakin." Huang Xiangyu ya tuna, "Dukkan ƙungiyarmu ta sami kwarin gwiwa sosai kuma cike take da ruhin faɗa!"
Kamfanin man fetur na Shanghai Petrochemical ne ya kafa ƙungiyar kai hari ta tocila a karon farko, kuma a duk lokacin da yake jagorantar ƙungiyar haɗin gwiwa da ta dace don gudanar da bincike da haɓaka sinadarin carbon fiber don harsashin tocila, bayyanannen bayani, jadawalin aiki, wanda ke da alhakin tabbatar da inganci mai kyau don kammala wannan aiki mai girma.
"A lokacin, shirin tsara tocilar bai riga ya ƙare ba, domin mu sami wa'adin da aka ƙayyade, mun yi gwaji a gaba, dangane da salon tocilar wasannin Olympics na Beijing na 2008, mun yi tocilar da dama. Aiki ya tabbatar da cewa tocilar fiber carbon na iya dawo da salon, amma kuma don cimma haske da ƙarfi, duk muna ganin nasara ce!" Lin Shengbing, babban manajan Cibiyar Bincike ta Man Fetur ta Shanghai Petrochemical Advanced Materials Innovation, ya gabatar.
A ranar 22 ga Satumba, 2020, ta hannun Shugaban Kwamitin Shirya Gasar Olympics ta Lokacin Sanyi na Beijing Ofishin Shugaban Kwamitin Shirya Gasar Olympics ta Lokacin Sanyi na Beijing, sunan aikin "Flying", ƙirar tocilar wasannin Olympics na lokacin Sanyi na Beijing da kuma ƙirar tocilar wasannin hunturu na Paralympic. Domin inganta aiwatar da manufar wasannin Olympics na kore, tocilar wasannin Olympics na lokacin Sanyi za ta yi amfani da fasahar hydrogen da carbon fiber mai ƙirƙira. A ranar 23 ga Satumba, 2020, Kwamitin Shirya Gasar Olympics ta Lokacin Sanyi na Beijing ya gudanar da wani taro, wanda ba wai kawai ya samu halartar masu zane ba, har ma da ƙwararru daga Shanghai Petrochemical Carbon Fiber Materials da Aerospace Science and Technology Combustion.
Mayar da hankali
Fara yaƙin haɗin gwiwa na kirkire-kirkire, tare da "fasahar baƙar fata" don sanya fitilar wasannin Olympics na lokacin hunturu "mai haske, mai ƙarfi, kyakkyawa".
Saboda nasarar gwajin farko, ƙungiyar kai hari ta tocilan mai na Shanghai ta cika da kwarin gwiwa. Duk da haka, gaskiyar magana ta zuba musu ruwan sanyi.
"A watan Oktoba na 2020, lokacin da muka sami samfuran tocilar 3D da ƙungiyar ƙira ta buga, duk mun yi mamaki." Shen Haijuan, darektan Sashen Bincike da Ci Gaba na Cibiyar Binciken Sabbin Kayayyakin Man Fetur ta Shanghai, ya ce.
Masu tsara hannayen "Flyer", siffar mai gudana, wanda aka raba zuwa bel na ciki da bel na waje, suna buƙatar a haɗa su sosai. Yadda ake yin sazare na carbonharsashin tocila zai iya karɓar siffar ƙalubalen da ba ta dace ba, amma kuma zai iya jure gwajin juriyar wuta da zafin jiki mai yawa? Duk da cewa "Flyer" ya fi tocilar Olympics ta Beijing ta 2008 girma, har yanzu ƙarami ne. A cikin kunkuntar sararin tankin ajiyar hydrogen da mai ƙona hydrogen, ta yaya za a tabbatar da cewa tsarin konewar hydrogen yana gabatar da cikakken harshen wuta mai haske, da kuma tabbatar da cewa ana iya ƙona hydrogen na tsawon lokaci mai tsawo?
Wahala da ƙalubale sun biyo baya, ƙungiyar tocilan ta rabu zuwa hanyoyi biyu don magance matsalar. Hanya ɗaya, jagorantar ƙungiyar saka mai girma uku ta Jami'ar Donghua, Kamfanin Yunlu Composite, wacce ke da alhakin bincike da haɓaka fasahar saka mai girma uku, zane da fesa launi, haɗawa, matsakaicin matakin dawo da siffar wutar mai ƙarfi; da kuma ƙungiyar nukiliya ta takwas, kamfanin sinadarai na Kubei, bincike da haɓaka kayan haɗin fiber carbon, don biyan buƙatun wutar mai zafi da juriya. A gefe guda kuma, muna haɗin gwiwa da Ƙungiyar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Aerospace da Ƙungiyar Kimiyya da Masana'antu ta Aerospace don haɓaka bel ɗin flutter na ciki da tsarin ƙonewa na tocilan hydrogen da propane bi da bi.
Ana ci gaba da fafatawa a fannin kirkire-kirkire a kan "Flyer". A cikin haɓaka harsashin tocila cikin watanni 3, ƙungiyar tocila za ta shawo kan wasu matsaloli na fasaha ɗaya bayan ɗaya, waɗanda aka kafa daga samar da fiber na carbon, shirya kayan haɗin gwiwa har zuwa ƙarshen amfani da samfurin mafita ɗaya.
Tokar fiber carbon da haske da ƙarfi, kuma idan aka kwatanta da tokar da aka yi da aluminum, amma kuma don tabbatar da cewa tokar a lokacin hunturu a ƙarƙashin ƙarancin zafin jiki lokacin wucewa ta ji daɗi. Duk da haka, zaren carbon da kanta ba ta jure wa yanayin zafi mai yawa ba, balle wuta, wanda shine ɗayan manyan ƙalubalen. Domin magance matsalar, Shanghai Petrochemical da China National Nuclear Corporation Nuclear takwas hannu da hannu, gabatar da babban aikiresins, da kuma zare-zaren carbon da aka yi da haɗakar zaren carbon, kuma ta hanyar daidaita su, rabin saman ƙarshen ƙonewar zaren na babban zafin jiki sama da digiri 1,000 Celsius a cikin wani magani na musamman, kuma ya magance tsarin shirya zafin jiki mai yawa na ƙurajen zaren, fashewa da sauran matsaloli masu wahala.
Kayan haɗin fiber na carbon don yin harsashin tocilan Olympics, ba wai kawai shine na farko a duniya ba, kuma ƙirƙira don cimma nauyin harsashin tocilan ya fi sauƙi fiye da harsashin ƙarfe na aluminum da kashi 20%, yana nuna halaye "mai sauƙi, mai ƙarfi, kyakkyawa".
Bayan kimantawa ta ƙwararru da kuma gwajin aiki, aminci da amincin tocilar hydrogen na carbon fiber, wanda zai iya jure wa iska da ruwan sama sau 10, ana iya amfani da shi a cikin yanayi mai sanyi sosai. Yayin da yake magance matsalolin masu rikitarwa, ya yi la'akari da buƙatun nauyi mai sauƙi, rage girmansa da daidaita siffarsa.
Bayan fitar da tocilar "Tashi" a hukumance, an yi nazari sosai kan tocilar wasannin Olympics na lokacin hunturu, wadda ta haɗa halayen gargajiya na ƙasar Sin da abubuwan da ke cikin fasahar zamani.
Samar da Kayan Abinci Mai Yawa
Yi aiki wajen samar da tocila mai yawa domin tabbatar da cewa an watsa tocilar wasannin Olympics na lokacin hunturu cikin sauƙi "a kan tsaunuka da kuma a fadin teku".
Bayan "wahaloli ɗari tara da casa'in da ɗaya", ƙungiyar tocilan ta bayar da cikakkiyar amsa. Kafin bikin, wani sabon aiki ya zo: a watan Maris na 2021, Kwamitin Shirya Gasar Olympics ta Lokacin Sanyi na Beijing ya ba da shawarar cewa SINOPEC, a matsayinta na abokiyar hulɗa ta hukuma ta Gasar Olympics ta Beijing da Wasannin Lokacin Sanyi na Paralympic, ta ɗauki nauyin aikin samar da tocilan hannu.
Don haka, Shanghai Petrochemical ta kafa ƙungiyar ayyukan samar da kayayyaki da yawa kuma ta kafa ƙungiyoyi uku na aiki don cikakken haɗin kai, gudanar da kasuwanci, da kuma kula da samarwa da masana'antu don haɓaka samar da wutar lantarki da yawa.
"A matsayinmu na ƙungiyar bincike ta kimiyya, da farko mun yi tunanin cewa kawai muna buƙatar ɗaukar alhakin binciken hanyoyin da samar da harsashin tocila, kuma lokacin da muka fahimci cewa dole ne mu ɗauki nauyin aikin samar da taro, matsin lambar ya yi yawa." Guan Zemin, babban manajan Shanghai Petrochemical, ya ce, "Daga yin harsashin tocila ɗaya zuwa yin dubban tocila cikakke, matsalolin da ake fuskanta ba su ƙasa da bincike da haɓaka harsashin tocila ba."
Bayan ziyartar wurin kasuwancin da kuma gwajin samfura da kuma tabbatar da ingancinsu, a ƙarshe sun tantance kamfanonin sarrafa sassan daban-daban na tocilar Olympics ta lokacin hunturu. Tsarin da ya haɗa da harsashin tocila, bel ɗin da ke juyawa a ciki, tsarin ƙonewa, fitilar kunna wuta, duba tashar zuwa isar da samfurin a ɗaya, a Shanghai, Beijing, Jiangsu, Guangdong, Hebei, wurare biyar da za a kafa cikin sauri kuma a fara aiki da sauri.
Idan ka duba sosai a kan "Flying", za ka ga cewa yana kama da babban hasumiyar tocila ta bikin buɗe gasar wasannin Olympics ta Beijing ta 2008, tare da tsarin gajimare mai kyau a ƙasa, a hankali yana canzawa daga ƙasa zuwa sama daga tsarin gajimare mai kyau zuwa tsarin dusar ƙanƙara wanda ke wakiltar gasar Olympics ta hunturu, sannan a ƙarshe ya koma harshen wuta mai tashi a sama. Irin wannan fitila mai kyau ba wai kawai sana'ar hannu ba ce, har ma da aikin fasaha.
Samar da kayan zane mai yawa zai fuskanci ƙalubale dangane da inganci, inganci, farashi, da sauransu, kuma abu na farko kuma mafi muhimmanci shine matsalar inganci. Domin kammala aikin samar da kayan aiki cikin lokaci tare da inganci da yawa, Shanghai Petrochemical ta bi tsarin aiki na docking, kammalawa, karɓuwa da samar da kayan aiki da yawa, kuma ta tsara tsarin aiwatarwa don samar da kayan aiki da yawa, kuma ta inganta siffar kowane ɓangare na bel ɗin juyawa na ciki da waje na tocilar, zuwa samfurin silinda na hydrogen, bawul ɗin sarrafa hydrogen, tasirin ƙonewa, sannan kuma ga bayyanar fitilar harshen wuta, sauƙin aiki, da sauransu, ɗaya bayan ɗaya.
A tsakiyar watan Satumba na shekarar 2021, samfuran samar da tocilan propane da yawa don tattara tocilan kunna wutar Olympics ta lokacin hunturu sun yi nasarar wuce bincike biyu a wurin da kuma tabbatarwa da amincewa daga wasu kamfanoni na uku da Kwamitin Shirya Wasannin Olympics na lokacin hunturu na Beijing (BOCOG) ya shirya, kuma a ranar 22 ga Satumba, 2021, Shanghai Petrochemical ta isar da tocilan propane 115 da wasu kayayyakin da ke kewaye kamar fitilun kunna wutar da sandunan gwaji ga BOCOG, ta haka ne aka kammala rukunin farko na ayyukan samar da tocilan da BOCOG ta gabatar cikin nasara. A cewar shirin, za a aika da wasu tocilan 1,200 zuwa Beijing nan da tsakiyar watan Janairu na shekarar 2022.
A ranar 18 ga Oktoba, 2021, an yi nasarar tattara wutar wasannin Olympics na lokacin hunturu na Beijing a tsohon wurin Olympia da ke Peloponnese, Girka, wurin da aka haifi ƙungiyar Olympics. Akwai ma'aikatan Petrochemical guda biyu na Shanghai a cikin ƙungiyar tattara wutar, waɗanda suka fi ɗaukar nauyin rakiyar tattara wutar a Athens, Girka da kuma bikin maraba da wutar Beijing.
"A matsayina na masanin kimiyyar man fetur, na san irin aikin da wannan tocila ke da shi da kuma girmamawa, kuma ina matukar farin ciki da na kammala aikin tattara tocila da kuma maraba da nasarar." Fu Xiaoqing, Babban Kwararren Masana Kimiyyar Man Fetur na Shanghai, ya ce, "A daren da ya gabaci tattara tocila, domin tabbatar da cewa an watsa tocila cikin sauƙi washegari 'a kan duwatsu da kuma a fadin teku', mun kwana muna duba na'urar konewa kowace awa don tabbatar da cewa komai yana lafiya."
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