He aha inā hiki ke hoʻohuihui ʻia nā hui polymer i hoʻoikaika ʻia me ke aniani fiber (GFRP) i ka hopena o ko lākou ola pono, me nā makahiki he ʻumi o nā pono i hōʻoia ʻia o ka hōʻemi kaumaha, ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī, ke kūpaʻa i ka pala a me ke kūpaʻa? ʻO ia, i ka pōkole, ka mea hoihoi o ka ʻenehana a ABM Composite.
Aniani bioactive, nā olonā ikaika kiʻekiʻe
Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Arctic Biomaterials Oy (Tampere, Finland) i ka makahiki 2014, ua hoʻomohala ʻo Arctic Biomaterials Oy (Tampere, Finland) i kahi fiber aniani biodegradable i hana ʻia mai ka mea i kapa ʻia he aniani bioactive, kahi a Ari Rosling, ka luna R&D ma ABM Composite, i wehewehe ai he "ʻano hana kūikawā i hoʻomohala ʻia i nā makahiki 1960 e hiki ai i ke aniani ke hoʻohaumia ʻia ma lalo o nā kūlana physiological. Ke hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ke kino, haki ke aniani i loko o kona mau paʻakai mineral, e hoʻokuʻu ana i ka sodium, magnesium, phosphates, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a pēlā e hana ai i kahi kūlana e hoʻoulu ai i ka ulu ʻana o ka iwi."
"He ʻano like kona meʻōmole aniani alkali-ʻole (E-aniani)"Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Rosling, "Akā, he paʻakikī kēia aniani bioactive e hana a huki i loko o nā olonā, a hiki i kēia manawa ua hoʻohana wale ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he pauka a i ʻole putty. I ko mākou ʻike, ʻo ABM Composite ka hui mua e hana i nā olonā aniani ikaika kiʻekiʻe mai ia mea ma kahi pae ʻoihana, a ke hoʻohana nei mākou i kēia mau olonā aniani ArcBiox X4/5 e hoʻoikaika i nā ʻano plastics like ʻole, me nā polymers biodegradable".
Nā mea hoʻokomo lāʻau lapaʻau
ʻO ka ʻāina ʻo Tampere, ʻelua hola ma ka ʻākau o Helsinki, Finland, he kikowaena no nā polymers biodegradable bio-based no nā noi lapaʻau mai ka makahiki 1980. Ua wehewehe ʻo Rosling, "ʻO kekahi o nā implants mua i loaʻa i ke kālepa i hana ʻia me kēia mau mea i hana ʻia ma Tampere, a pēlā i hoʻomaka ai ʻo ABM Composite! ʻo ia hoʻi kā mākou ʻāpana ʻoihana lapaʻau".
"Nui nā polymers biodegradable, bioabsorbable no nā implants." Ke hoʻomau nei ʻo ia, "akā, ʻoi aku ka mamao o ko lākou mau waiwai mechanical mai ka iwi maoli. Ua hiki iā mākou ke hoʻomaikaʻi i kēia mau polymers biodegradable i mea e hāʻawi ai i ka implant i ka ikaika like me ka iwi maoli". Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Rosling e hiki i nā olonā aniani ArcBiox papa lapaʻau me ka hoʻohui ʻana o ABM ke hoʻomaikaʻi i nā waiwai mechanical o nā polymers PLLA biodegradable ma 200% a 500%.
ʻO ka hopena, hāʻawi nā implants o ABM Composite i ka hana kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā implants i hana ʻia me nā polymers i hoʻoikaika ʻole ʻia, ʻoiai he bioabsorbable a paipai i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka iwi a me ka ulu ʻana. Hoʻohana pū ʻo ABM Composite i nā ʻano hana hoʻonoho fiber/strand automated e hōʻoia i ka hoʻonohonoho fiber kūpono, me ke kau ʻana i nā fibers ma ka lōʻihi holoʻokoʻa o ka implant, a me ke kau ʻana i nā fibers hou aʻe ma nā wahi nāwaliwali paha.
Nā noi hale a me nā ʻenehana
Me kāna ʻoihana ʻoihana lapaʻau e ulu nei, ʻike ʻo ABM Composite hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā polymers bio-based a biodegradable no nā kīhini, nā ʻokiʻoki a me nā mea hale ʻē aʻe. "ʻO kēia mau polymers biodegradable he mau waiwai mechanical maikaʻi ʻole i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā plastics petroleum-based." Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Rosling, "Akā hiki iā mākou ke hoʻoikaika i kēia mau mea me kā mākou mau olonā aniani biodegradable, e lilo ana lākou i mea koho maikaʻi loa i nā plastics kalepa fossil-based no nā ʻano noi loea like ʻole."
ʻO ka hopena, ua hoʻonui ʻo ABM Composite i kāna ʻāpana ʻoihana loea, kahi e hoʻolimalima nei i 60 mau kānaka. "Hāʻawi mākou i nā hoʻonā hopena-o-ke-ola (EOL) hoʻomau." Wahi a Rosling, "ʻO kā mākou manaʻo waiwai, ʻo ia ke kau ʻana i kēia mau composites biodegradable i loko o nā hana composting ʻoihana kahi e lilo ai lākou i lepo." He inert ka E-glass kuʻuna a ʻaʻole e pala i loko o kēia mau hale hana composting.
Nā Hui Pū ʻIa Fiber ArcBiox
Ua hoʻomohala ʻo ABM Composite i nā ʻano like ʻole o nā olonā aniani ArcBiox X4/5 no nā noi composite, mainā olonā ʻoki pōkolea me nā hui hoʻoheheʻe injection inā olonā mauno nā kaʻina hana e like me ka textile a me ka pultrusion molding. Hoʻohui ka laina ArcBiox BSGF i nā olonā aniani biodegradable me nā resins polyester bio-based a loaʻa i nā pae ʻenehana maʻamau a me nā pae ArcBiox 5 i ʻāpono ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā noi pili meaʻai.
Ua noiʻi pū ʻo ABM Composite i nā ʻano polymers biodegradable a me bio-based e komo pū ana me Polylactic Acid (PLA), PLLA a me Polybutylene Succinate (PBS). Hōʻike ka kiʻikuhi ma lalo nei pehea e hiki ai i nā olonā aniani X4/5 ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana e hoʻokūkū me nā polymers i hoʻoikaika ʻia me ka olonā aniani maʻamau e like me ka polypropylene (PP) a me ka polyamide 6 (PA6).
Ua noiʻi pū ʻo ABM Composite i nā ʻano polymers biodegradable a me bio-based, me Polylactic Acid (PLA), PLLA a me Polybutylene Succinate (PBS). Hōʻike ka kiʻikuhi ma lalo nei pehea e hiki ai i nā olonā aniani X4/5 ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana e hoʻokūkū me nā polymers i hoʻoikaika ʻia i ka olonā aniani maʻamau e like me ka polypropylene (PP) a me ka polyamide 6 (PA6).
Ka Paʻa a me ka Hiki ke Hoʻomoʻa ʻia
Inā hiki ke palaho kēia mau mea i hui ʻia, pehea ka lōʻihi o ko lākou mau lā? "ʻAʻole e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia kā mākou mau olonā aniani X4/5 i loko o ʻelima mau minuke a i ʻole i ka pō e like me ke kō, a ʻoiai e palaho ana ko lākou mau waiwai i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ʻaʻole ia e ʻike nui ʻia." Wahi a Rosling, "No ka palaho pono ʻana, pono mākou i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe a me ka haʻahaʻa i nā wā lōʻihi, e like me ka mea i loaʻa ma ke kino ola a i ʻole ma nā puʻu compost ʻoihana. No ka laʻana, ua hoʻāʻo mākou i nā kīʻaha a me nā pola i hana ʻia mai kā mākou mea ArcBiox BSGF, a hiki iā lākou ke kū i 200 mau pōʻaiapuni holoi kīʻaha me ka ʻole o ka nalowale ʻana o ka hana. Aia kekahi palaho o nā waiwai mechanical, akā ʻaʻole i kahi i palekana ʻole ai nā kīʻaha e hoʻohana".
Eia nō naʻe, he mea nui i ka wā e hoʻolei ʻia ai kēia mau composites i ka hopena o ko lākou ola pono, e hoʻokō lākou i nā koi maʻamau e pono ai no ka composting, a ua hana ʻo ABM Composite i kahi moʻo o nā hoʻāʻo e hōʻoia i kona hoʻokō ʻana i kēia mau kūlana. "Wahi a nā kūlana ISO (no ka composting ʻoihana), pono e hana ʻia ka biodegradation i loko o 6 mau mahina a me ka decomposition i loko o 3 mau mahina / 90 mau lā". Wahi a Rosling, "ʻO ka decomposition ke kau ʻana i ka laʻana hoʻāʻo/huahana i loko o ka biomass a i ʻole ka compost. ma hope o 90 mau lā, nānā ke loea i ka biomass me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi sieve. ma hope o 12 mau pule, ma ka liʻiliʻi he 90 pakeneka o ka huahana e hiki ke hele ma waena o kahi sieve 2 mm × 2 mm".
Hoʻoholo ʻia ka biodegradation ma ke wili ʻana i ka mea puʻupaʻa i loko o ka pauka a me ke ana ʻana i ka nui o ka CO2 i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma hope o 90 mau lā. Loiloi kēia i ka nui o ka ʻike kalapona o ke kaʻina hana composting i hoʻololi ʻia i wai, biomass a me CO2. "I mea e hala ai i ka hoʻāʻo composting ʻoihana, pono e hoʻokō ʻia he 90 pakeneka o ka 100 pakeneka CO2 theoretical mai ke kaʻina hana composting (ma muli o ka ʻike kalapona)".
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Rosling ua hoʻokō ʻo ABM Composite i nā koi decomposition a me biodegradation, a ua hōʻike nā hoʻokolohua e hoʻomaikaʻi maoli ka hoʻohui ʻana o kāna fiber aniani X4 i ka biodegradability (e nānā i ka papa ma luna), ʻo ia wale nō 78% no ka hui PLA i hoʻoikaika ʻole ʻia, no ka laʻana. Ua wehewehe ʻo ia, "Eia naʻe, i ka wā i hoʻohui ʻia ai kā mākou 30% biodegradable glass fibers, ua piʻi ka biodegradation i 94%, ʻoiai ua maikaʻi nā helu degradation".
ʻO ka hopena, ua hōʻike ʻo ABM Composite hiki ke hōʻoia ʻia kāna mau mea he compostable e like me EN 13432. ʻO nā hoʻāʻo i hala i kāna mau mea a hiki i kēia lā, ʻo ia ka ISO 14855-1 no ka biodegradability aerobic hope loa o nā mea ma lalo o nā kūlana composting i kāohi ʻia, ISO 16929 no ka aerobic controlled decomposition, ISO DIN EN 13432 no nā koi kemika, a me OECD 208 no ka hoʻāʻo phytotoxicity, ISO DIN EN 13432.
Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ke CO2 i ka wā o ka composting
I ka wā o ka hana ʻana i ka compost, hoʻokuʻu ʻia ke CO2, akā ke waiho nei kekahi i loko o ka lepo a laila hoʻohana ʻia e nā mea kanu. Ua aʻo ʻia ka hana ʻana i ka compost no nā makahiki he ʻumi, ma ke ʻano he hana ʻoihana a ma ke ʻano he hana ma hope o ka composting e hoʻokuʻu ana i ka CO2 liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā koho hoʻolei ʻōpala ʻē aʻe, a ua manaʻo ʻia ka hana ʻana i ka compost he hana aloha i ke kaiapuni a me ka hoʻemi ʻana i ke kapuaʻi kalapona.
ʻO ka Ecotoxicity e pili ana i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka biomass i hana ʻia i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana composting a me nā mea kanu i ulu pū me kēia biomass. "ʻO kēia ke hōʻoia ʻaʻole e hōʻino ka composting ʻana i kēia mau huahana i nā mea kanu e ulu ana." wahi a Rosling. Eia kekahi, ua hōʻike ʻo ABM Composite ua hoʻokō kāna mau mea i nā koi biodegradation ma lalo o nā kūlana composting home, kahi e koi ai i ka 90% biodegradation, akā ma luna o 12 mau mahina, hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kahi manawa pōkole no ka composting ʻoihana.
Nā noi ʻoihana, hana ʻana, nā kumukūʻai a me ka ulu ʻana i ka wā e hiki mai ana
Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea a ABM Composite i nā noi kalepa he nui, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻike hou ʻia ma muli o nā ʻaelike pilikino. "Ke kauoha nei mākou i kā mākou mau mea e kūpono i nā noi e like me nā kīʻaha, nā saucers, nā pā, nā ʻokiʻoki a me nā ipu mālama meaʻai," wahi a Rosling, "akā hoʻohana ʻia lākou ma ke ʻano he koho ʻē aʻe i nā plastics petroleum-based i loko o nā ipu hoʻonani a me nā mea hale nui. ʻOi aku nei, ua koho ʻia kā mākou mau mea no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana i nā hoʻonohonoho mīkini ʻoihana nui e pono e hoʻololi ʻia i kēlā me kēia 2-12 pule. Ua ʻike kēia mau hui ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i kā mākou hoʻoikaika fiber aniani X4, hiki ke hana ʻia kēia mau ʻāpana mechanical me ke kūpaʻa ʻaʻahu e pono ai a hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana. He hopena hoihoi kēia no ka wā e hiki mai ana i ka wā e kū nei kēia mau hui i ka pilikia o ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā lula kaiapuni a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o CO2".
Ua hoʻohui ʻo Rosling, "Ke ulu nei hoʻi ka hoihoi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kā mākou mau olonā hoʻomau i nā ʻano lole like ʻole a me nā mea i ulana ʻole ʻia e hana i nā ʻāpana kūkulu no ka ʻoihana kūkulu. Ke ʻike nei hoʻi mākou i ka hoihoi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kā mākou mau olonā biodegradable me ka PA a i ʻole PP bio-based akā ʻaʻole biodegradable a me nā mea thermoset inert".
I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ke kumukūʻai o ka fiberglass X4/5 ma mua o ke aniani E, akā he liʻiliʻi nō hoʻi ka nui o ka hana ʻana, a ke alualu nei ʻo ABM Composite i kekahi mau manawa kūpono e hoʻonui i nā noi a hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka piʻi ʻana i 20,000 tone/makahiki i ka ulu ʻana o ke koi, hiki ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā kumukūʻai. Eia nō naʻe, ʻōlelo ʻo Rosling i nā hihia he nui ʻaʻole i noʻonoʻo piha ʻia nā kumukūʻai e pili ana i ka hoʻokō ʻana i ke kūpaʻa a me nā koi hoʻoponopono hou. I kēia manawa, ke ulu nei ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻopakele ʻana i ka honua. "Ke koi nei ke kaiāulu no nā huahana bio-based." Ua wehewehe ʻo ia, "Nui nā mea hoʻoikaika e hoʻokuke i nā ʻenehana hana hou i mua, pono ka honua e neʻe wikiwiki i kēia a ke manaʻo nei au e hoʻonui wale ke kaiāulu i kāna hoʻoikaika ʻana no nā huahana bio-based i ka wā e hiki mai ana".
LCA a me ka Pōmaikaʻi Hoʻomau
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Rosling ua hōʻemi nā mea hana a ABM Composite i nā hoʻokuʻu kinoea ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu hou ʻole ma 50-60 pakeneka no ke kilokani. "Hoʻohana mākou i ka Environmental Footprint Database 2.0, ka ʻikepili GaBi i ʻae ʻia, a me nā helu LCA (Life Cycle Analysis) no kā mākou huahana e pili ana i ke ʻano hana i hoʻākāka ʻia ma ISO 14040 a me ISO 14044".
"I kēia manawa, ke hiki aku nā composites i ka hopena o ko lākou ola, nui ka ikehu e pono ai e puhi a pyrolyze paha i nā ʻōpala composite a me nā huahana EOL, a ʻo ka shredding a me ka composting he koho hoihoi ia, a ʻo ia kekahi o nā manaʻo waiwai nui a mākou e hāʻawi aku nei, a ke hāʻawi nei mākou i kahi ʻano hana hou." Wahi a Rosling, "Hana ʻia kā mākou fiberglass mai nā ʻāpana mineral kūlohelohe i loaʻa mua i ka lepo. No laila no ke aha e hoʻohui ʻole ai i nā ʻāpana composite EOL, a i ʻole e hoʻoheheʻe i nā fibers mai nā composite hiki ʻole ke palaho ma hope o ka puhi ʻana a hoʻohana iā lākou ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻouluulu? He koho hana hou kēia o ka hoihoi honua maoli".
ʻO Shanghai Orisen New Material Technology Co., Ltd.
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Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mei-27-2024