Carbon Fiber Composites: Zofunika Zofunikira Mwayi ndi Zovuta Pakukulitsa Chuma Chotsika

Kuchokera kumalingaliro a sayansi yazinthu ndi zachuma zamafakitale, pepalali likuwunika bwino momwe chitukuko chikuyendera, zovuta zaukadaulo komanso momwe zinthu zidzakhalire m'tsogolo pazachuma chotsika kwambiri. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti ngakhale mpweya wa kaboni uli ndi ubwino waukulu mu ndege zopepuka, kuwongolera mtengo, kukhathamiritsa kwa njira ndi kamangidwe kake kachitidwe kameneka ndizinthu zazikulu zomwe zimalepheretsa kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kwakukulu.

1. Kuwunika kwa kugwirizana kwa zinthu za carbon fiber ndi chuma chotsika

Ubwino wamakina:

• Mphamvu zenizeni zimafika ku 2450MPa/(g/cm³), zomwe ndi kuwirikiza ka 5 kuposa aloyi ya aluminiyamu ya ndege.
• Modulus yeniyeni imaposa 230GPa/(g/cm³), yokhala ndi mphamvu yochepetsera thupi

Ntchito zachuma:

• Kuchepetsa kulemera kwa kapangidwe ka drone ndi 1kg kumatha kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pafupifupi 8-12%
• Pakuchepetsa kulemera kwa 10% kwa eVTOL, kuchuluka kwa maulendo kumawonjezeka ndi 15-20%

2. Mkhalidwe wamakono wa chitukuko cha mafakitale

Msika wapadziko lonse lapansi:

• Mu 2023, kufunika kwapadziko lonse lapansi kwa carbon fiber kudzakhala matani 135,000, pomwe mlengalenga ndi 22%.
• Toray yaku Japan imatenga 38% ya msika wawung'ono wokokera.

Kupita patsogolo kwapakhomo:

• Kukula kwapachaka kwapachaka kwa mphamvu zopanga kumafika 25% (2018-2023).
• Mlingo wa T700 wakumaloko umaposa 70%, koma T800 ndi kupitilira apo amadalira zogulitsa kunja.

3. Zovuta zazikulu zaukadaulo

Mulingo wazinthu:

• Prepreg process bata (mtengo wa CV uyenera kuwongoleredwa mkati mwa 3%)
• Zophatikizika zakuthupi zomangirira mphamvu (ziyenera kupitilira 80MPa)

Njira yopanga:

• Kuyika mochita bwino (pakali pano 30-50kg/h, chandamale 100kg/h)
• Kukhathamiritsa kozungulira kochiritsa (njira yachikhalidwe ya autoclave imatenga maola 8-12)

4. Chiyembekezo cha otsika otsika ntchito zachuma

Zoneneratu zakufunika kwa msika:

• Kufuna kwa eVTOL carbon fiber kudzafika matani 1,500-2,000 mu 2025
• Kufuna m'munda wa drone kukuyembekezeka kupitilira matani 5,000 mu 2030

Zomwe zikuchitika pakukula kwaukadaulo:

• Mtengo wotsika (chandamale chachepetsedwa kufika $80-100/kg)
• Kupanga mwanzeru (kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wamapasa a digito)
• Kubwezeretsanso ndikugwiritsanso ntchito (kuwongolera bwino kwa njira yobwezeretsanso mankhwala)