Ku itariki ya 4 Kamena saa moya n'iminota mirongo itatu n'umunani z'umugoroba, imodoka ya Chang'e 6 yari itwaye ingero z'ukwezi yahagurutse inyuma y'ukwezi, kandi nyuma y'uko moteri ya 3000N ikoze iminota itandatu, yohereje neza imodoka izamuka mu nzira yari iteganyijwe yo kuzenguruka.
Kuva ku ya 2 kugeza ku ya 3 Kamena, Chang'e 6 yarangije neza gupima ibintu mu buryo bwihuse kandi bugezweho mu kibaya cya South Pole-Aitken (SPA) ku ruhande rw'ukwezi, kandi yashyize mu gipfunyika kandi ibika ingero z'agaciro z'ukwezi mu gikoresho cyo kubikamo ibintu cyari gitwaye imodoka izamuka mu buryo bwagenwe. Mu gihe cyo gupima no gupima ibintu, abashakashatsi, muri laboratwari yo ku butaka, biganye imiterere y'ahantu ho gupima ibintu, maze bigana gupima ibintu hashingiwe ku makuru akoreshwa mu gupima ibintu yoherejwe na satelite ya Queqiao-2, itanga inkunga ikomeye mu gufata ibyemezo no gukora ibintu mu buryo butandukanye.
Gupima ibintu mu buryo bw'ubwenge ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bihuza ubutumwa bwa Chang'e 6. Icyo gikoresho cyabashije kwihanganira igeragezwa ry'ubushyuhe bwinshi inyuma y'ukwezi kandi cyakusanyije ingero z'ukwezi mu buryo bubiri: gucukura hakoreshejwe ibikoresho byo gucukura no gufata ingero ku meza y'ukuboko kwa roboti, bityo bigakorwa mu buryo bwikora mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga.
Kamera yo kugwa, kamera ya panoramic, isuzuma ry’imiterere y’ubutaka bw’ukwezi, isesengura ry’ubutare bw’ukwezi n’ibindi bikoresho byashyizwe kuri Chang'e 6 lander byakunze gukoreshwa, kandi ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi bwakorwaga hakurikijwe gahunda, bugira uruhare runini mu mirimo yo gushakisha mu bya siyansi nko kumenya no kwiga imiterere y’ubuso bw’ukwezi n’ibice by’amabuye y’agaciro, no kumenya imiterere y’ukwezi. Mbere y’uko isuzuma rikorwa kugira ngo rifatirwe ingero, isuzuma ry’imiterere y’ubutaka bw’ukwezi ryasesenguye kandi risuzuma imiterere y’ubutaka bw’ukwezi buri munsi mu gace kafatiwe ingero, ritanga amakuru yerekeye isuzuma.
Imitwaro mpuzamahanga yatwarwaga na Chang'e 6 lander, nk'igikoresho cya ESA cyagenewe gupima iradon n'igikoresho cy'Abafaransa cya Lunar radon, byakoraga neza kandi bigakora imirimo ijyanye n'ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi. Muri byo, igikoresho cy'Abafaransa cyagenewe gupima iradon n'ukwezi cyacanywe mu gihe cyo kwimura Isi n'Ukwezi, igice cyo kuzenguruka n'igice cyo gukora ku zuba; naho igikoresho cya ESA cyagenewe gupima iradon n'iradon cyacanywe mu gihe cyo gukora ku zuba. Ikirahuri cy'Abataliyani cyakozwe na laser idafite ingufu cyari hejuru y'icyapa cyabaye ahantu ho kugenzura aho bapimira intera inyuma y'Ukwezi.
Ibendera ritukura rifite inyenyeri eshanu ryari ritwawe na Chang'e 6 lander ryafunguwe neza ku ruhande rw'ukwezi nyuma y'uko igikorwa cyo gutora ameza kirangiye. Ni ubwa mbere Ubushinwa bwerekanye ibendera ryabwo ry'igihugu ku ruhande rw'ukwezi mu buryo bwigenga kandi buhamye. Ibendera rikozwe mu bwoko bushya bw'ibikoresho bivanze n'uburyo bwihariye. Bitewe n'ahantu hatandukanye ukwezi kwabereye, sisitemu yo kwerekana ibendera ry'igihugu rya Chang'e 6 yahinduwe kandi inozwa hashingiwe ku butumwa bwa Chang'e 5.
Birumvikana ko iri bendera ari ryo abashakashatsi bakoze ubushakashatsi mu gihe kirenga umwaka, bakoresheje ikoranabuhanga ryo gushushanya lava ya basalt, rifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese, rirwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, rirwanya ubushyuhe buke n'ibindi bikorwa byiza cyane. Ibuye rya basalt ryavuye kuri Hebei Weixian, basalt isubira inyuma ikayasenya, ryashongeshejwe nyuma yo kurikurura mu murambararo w'umusatsi ungana na kimwe cya gatatu cy'imigozi, hanyuma rigahinduka umurongo, riboherwa mu mwenda.
Ugereranyije n'ihaguruka ku butaka, imodoka ya Chang'e 6 izamuka ntabwo ifite sisitemu ihamye yo kuzana umunara, ariko ikoresha icyuma gitwara indege nk' "umunara w'agateganyo". Ugereranyije n'ihaguruka rya Chang'e-5 riturutse ku kwezi, ihaguruka rya Chang'e-6 riturutse inyuma y'ukwezi ntirishobora gushyigikirwa mu buryo butaziguye n'ibipimo by'ubutaka n'igenzura, kandi rikeneye gufashwa na satelite ya Queqiao-2 relay kugira ngo ribone aho rihagaze no gushyiraho imiterere y'ikirere hifashishijwe ubushobozi bwihariye bwo kumva ibintu bukorwa na Chang'e-6, ibyo bigatuma umushinga urushaho kugorana gushyira mu bikorwa. Nyuma yo gushya no guhaguruka, Chang'e 6 yanyuze mu byiciro bitatu byo kuzamuka mu kirere, guhindura imiterere y'ikirere no gushyira mu kirere, kandi yinjiye neza mu nzira y'ikirere yagenwe.
Nyuma y'ibyo, inyenyeri izamuka izakora amateraniro yo guhurira hamwe no guhagarara mu nzira y'ukwezi, aho inyenyeri n'inyenyeri bihurira bitegereje mu nzira y'uruziga, hanyuma byohereze ingero z'ukwezi ku inyenyeri igaruka; inyenyeri n'inyenyeri bihurira bizazenguruka ukwezi, bitegereje igihe gikwiye cyo kugaruka kugira ngo bikore ingendo z'ukwezi hagati y'isi, kandi hafi y'Isi inyenyeri igaruka izana ingero z'ukwezi kandi yongere yinjire mu kirere, ifite gahunda yo kugwa aho inyenyeri igwa muri Siziwangqi muri Mongoliya y'imbere.
Ni ubuhe bushakashatsi buzakorwa ku butaka bw'ukwezi bwazanywe n'ibizamini bya Chang'e 6 bya nyuma y'ukwezi? Ni ibihe biranga ikibaya cya Aitken aho Chang'e 6 yageze kugira ngo ibizamini bisuzumwe kuri iyi nshuro? Kuki aka gace katoranijwe kugira ngo hamenyekane ku ruhande rw'ukwezi?
Bivugwa ko umuyobozi mukuru wungirije ushinzwe igenamigambi rya Chang'e 6 mu by'ukuri ari umuyobozi mukuru wa sisitemu yo gukusanya amakuru ku butaka, Li Chunlai: Chang'e 6 mu by'ukuri ni Chang'e 5, twizeye guhitamo ahantu hangana, twahisemo inyuma y'agace ko kugwa k'ukwezi kari ku gice cy'Amajyepfo cya Aitken Basin. Twizeye kubona icyitegererezo cya mbere cy'uruhande rw'ukwezi ku bantu, kandi dufite amatsiko yo kumenya itandukaniro riri hagati y'uruhande rw'imbere n'urw'imbere.
Ingero z'ukwezi ni iz'agaciro gakomeye, kandi ingero zo ku ruhande rw'ukwezi ni amayobera cyane. Chang'e 5 yazanye garama 1.731 z'ingero, kandi Ubushinwa ubu bwatanze ingero 258 z'ukwezi mu byiciro bitandatu ku matsinda amagana y'ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi, kandi bwageze ku musaruro w'ingenzi mu nzego zitandukanye nko kuremwa kw'ukwezi, iterambere n'ikoreshwa ry'umutungo, nko kwemeza ko imyaka y'ukwezi kwa basalt muto ari imyaka miliyari 2, no gusubika iherezo ry'ibikorwa by'ukwezi by'ibirunga bigera kuri miliyoni 800. Imyaka y'ukwezi kwa basalt muto byagaragaye ko ari miliyari 2 z'imyaka, kandi iherezo ry'ibikorwa by'ukwezi by'ibirunga ryasubitswe imyaka igera kuri miliyoni 800.
Kuri iyi nshuro, Chang'e 6 igiye kuzana ingero ziturutse ku ruhande rw'ukwezi, kandi ni ubuhe bushakashatsi bushya buzakorwa? Ni iyihe myiteguro yakozwe na Laboratwari y'Icyitegererezo cya Lunar?
Li Chunlai, Umuyobozi Mukuru Wungirije wa Chang'e 6 Mission Engineering akaba n'Umuyobozi Mukuru wa Sisitemu yo Gukoresha Ubutaka: Imiterere y'amabuye yakusanyijwe na Chang'e 6 ishobora kuba ari ibikoresho bya basaltic, kandi mu gace k'ubutaka, tubona ko hari ubundi bwoko bwinshi bw'ibikoresho bishobora kuba byarakuwe ahandi. Ubu bushakashatsi bushobora gusobanura imiterere y'ibipimo byavuye mu bucukuzi bwimbitse mu gikombe kinini nk'iki cy'uruziga cyakozwe mu ntangiriro z'isi. Ibi bizaba umusanzu ukomeye mu kwiga ihindagurika ry'ukwezi, ndetse no mu kwiga amateka y'ihindagurika ry'Isi. Imyaka icyo gipimo kimaze igomba gusesengurwa. Ariko, imiterere yacyo n'imyaka cyamaze gishingwa bigomba kuba bitandukanye n'iry'icyitegererezo cyakusanyijwe na Chang'e-5, gikeneye kwigwa no gusesengurwa cyane.
Laboratwari y’Icyitegererezo cya Lunar (LSL) yakoze imyiteguro yose yo kwakira, gutunganya, gutegura, gusesengura no gukora ubushakashatsi ku ngero, kandi itegereje gusa ko ingero 6 za Chang'e zigera muri Laboratwari, kugira ngo dukore ubushakashatsi bwimbitse bwa siyansi.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-13-2024