Kw'isi yoseinganda za karuboni, guhanga udushya no guhindura isoko ibisabwa ni ugusobanura imiterere ihiganwa. Toray Industries, umuyobozi w’isoko muri iki gihe, akomeje gushyiraho umuvuduko, mu gihe inganda z’Abashinwa zirihuta cyane, buri imwe ifite ingamba zitandukanye zo kuzamuka no guhanga udushya.
Ⅰ. Ingamba za Toray: Gukomeza Ubuyobozi Binyuze mu Ikoranabuhanga no Gutandukana?
Ubuhanga bwa tekinoloji murwego rwo hejuru - Impera zanyuma
1.Toray ikomeza impande zayo murwego rwo hejuru - imikorere ya karubone ikora, ingenzi cyane mu kirere no mu nganda zikoreshwa mu nganda. Mu 2025, fibre ya karubone hamwe n’ubucuruzi bw’ibicuruzwa byatangaje ko iterambere ryiyongereye, aho amafaranga yinjije agera kuri miliyari 300 yen (hafi miliyari 2.1 $) n’inyungu 70.7%. T1000 - ya fibre yo mu rwego rwa karubone, ifite imbaraga zingana na 7.0GPa, ni igipimo cya zahabu ku isoko ryo hejuru - ku isi, igaragara mu bice birenga 60% bya fibre fibre yibikoresho mu ndege nka Boeing 787 na Airbus A350. Imbaraga za Toray zidahwema gukora R&D, nko gutera imbere murwego rwo hejuru - modulus ya karubone ya modulus nka M60J, ikomeza imyaka 2 - 3 imbere ya bagenzi babo b'Abashinwa muri kano karere.
2. Gutandukanya Ingamba no Kugera ku Isi
Kwagura isoko ryayo, Toray yagize uruhare rugaragara muburyo bwo kugura no kwagura. Kugura ibice bigize itsinda rya SGL ry’Ubudage byongereye umwanya mu isoko ry’ingufu z’umuyaga w’iburayi. Uku kwimuka ntabwo kwaguye abakiriya bayo gusa ahubwo byanemereye guhuza ikoranabuhanga ryuzuzanya hamwe nubushobozi bwo gukora. Byongeye kandi, amasezerano maremare ya Toray n’abakinnyi bakomeye bo mu kirere nka Boeing na Airbus bituma amafaranga yinjira neza, aho bigaragara neza ko bigera mu 2030. Ubu bushishozi bufatika, bufatanije n’ubuyobozi bw’ikoranabuhanga, bukaba inkingi y’ubutegetsi bwa Toray ku isi.
Ⅱ.Ibigo by'Abashinwa: Kuyobora Gukura no guhanga udushya
1. Gusimburana mu Gihugu nubunini - Gukura gukura
Ubushinwa bwagaragaye nk’umusemburo wa karuboni nini ku isi, bingana na 47.7% by’ubushobozi bw’isi mu 2025.Isosiyete nka Jilin Chemical Fiber na Zhongfu Shenying iyoboye ayo masoko hagati - kugeza ku isoko rito. Jilin Chemical Fibre, uruganda runini rutanga ubudodo bubisi ku isi rufite ubushobozi bwa toni 160.000 - toni, rwashyize mu majwi runini - rukururaumusaruro wa karubone. Ibicuruzwa byabo 50K / 75K, igiciro kiri munsi ya 25% ugereranije na Toray mu rwego rw’amashanyarazi y’umuyaga, byatumye bashobora gufata igice kinini cy’isoko ry’umuyaga w’umuyaga, hamwe n’ibicuruzwa byuzuye hamwe n’igipimo cya 95% - 100% mu 2025.
2.Iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga hamwe no gucengera isoko rya Niche
Nubwo bidindiza ibicuruzwa byinshi - birangira, inganda zUbushinwa ziratera imbere byihuse. Intambwe ya Zhongfu Shenying yumye - jet wet - tekinoroji yo kuzunguruka ni urugero rwiza. Ibicuruzwa byabo bya T700 - byatsindiye icyemezo cya COMAC, byerekana ko byinjiye murwego runini rutanga indege. Ku rundi ruhande, ikoranabuhanga rya Zhongjian ryegereye hejuru ya 80% y’indege za gisirikare zo mu gihugu imbere mu kirere hamwe na ZT7 (hejuru ya T700 - urwego). Byongeye kandi, hamwe nubukungu bugenda bwiyongera - ubutumburuke, ibigo byabashinwa bihagaze neza - bihagaze. Ikoranabuhanga rya Zhongjian na Guangwei Composites ryinjiye murwego rwo gutanga amasoko yinganda za eVTOL nka Xpeng na EHang, zunguka cyane kuri fibre fibre nyinshi (hejuru ya 75%) muri izi ndege.
III. Kazoza - guhangana ningamba zumushinga wubushinwa
1. Gushora imari muri R&D yo hejuru - Iherezo ryibicuruzwa
Kugira ngo ucike mu isoko rirerire - ryiganjemo Toray, inganda z’Abashinwa zigomba kongera ingufu mu bushakashatsi. Kwibanda mugutezimbere T1100 - urwego no hejuru - modulus ya karubone ya modulus, isa na M65J ya Toray, ni ngombwa. Ibi bisaba ishoramari ryinshi mubigo byubushakashatsi, gushaka impano, no gukorana ninzego zubushakashatsi. Kurugero, kongera ishoramari mubushakashatsi bwibanze bujyanyeibikoresho bya fibre fibreIrashobora kuganisha mubikorwa bishya byo gukora no kunoza ibicuruzwa, bifasha ibigo byabashinwa kuziba icyuho cyikoranabuhanga.
2. Gushimangira Inganda - Kaminuza - Ubufatanye
Gutezimbere ubufatanye hagati yinganda, kaminuza, nibigo byubushakashatsi birashobora kwihutisha guhanga udushya. Kaminuza n'ibigo byubushakashatsi birashobora gutanga inkunga yibanze yubushakashatsi, mugihe ibigo bishobora gutanga ubushishozi nubushobozi bwo kwamamaza. Iyi mikoranire irashobora kuganisha kumajyambere mashyaPorogaramu ya karubones nubuhanga bwo gukora. Kurugero, imishinga yubushakashatsi ihuriweho na karuboni fibre ikoreshwa neza ntishobora gukemura ibibazo by’ibidukikije gusa ahubwo inakingura amahirwe mashya yubucuruzi mubukungu bwizunguruka.
3. Kwaguka mumasoko avuka
Ubwiyongere bw'amasoko agaragara, nk'ububiko bwa hydrogène bwo kubika no gutwara abantu, butanga amahirwe akomeye. Icyifuzo cya T700 - fibre yo mu rwego rwa karubone mu icupa rya hydrogène yo mu bwoko bwa IV biteganijwe ko izagera kuri toni 15.000 mu 2025. Ibigo by’Abashinwa bigomba gushora imari muri kariya gace, bigakoresha ubushobozi bw’inganda zisanzwe ndetse n’inyungu zabyo. Mugihe winjiye mumasoko agaragara hakiri kare, barashobora gushiraho ikirindiro kandi bagatera imbere.
Umwanzuro
Isi yose isoko rya karuboneiri mu masangano, hamwe n’ubuyobozi bwa tekinoloji bwa Toray bukomeje guhangana n’izamuka ryihuse ry’ibigo by’Ubushinwa. Ingamba za Toray zo guhanga udushya no gutandukanya isi yose zakomeje umwanya wazo, mu gihe ibigo by’abashinwa bikoresha uburyo bwo gusimbuza igihugu, igipimo, ndetse n’isoko ryinjira mu isoko. Urebye imbere, ibigo byabashinwa birashobora kuzamura ubushobozi bwabyo mukwibanda kurwego rwo hejuru R&D, gushimangira inganda - kaminuza - ubufatanye bwubushakashatsi, no gushakisha amasoko azamuka. Iyi mikoranire ikomeye hagati yumuyobozi wisoko nabakinnyi bakizamuka birashoboka ko izongera gusobanura inganda za fibre karubone mumyaka iri imbere, bikerekana ibibazo n'amahirwe kubashoramari ndetse nabafatanyabikorwa mu nganda.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-25-2025