(I) Pfungwa yeepoxy resin
Epoxy resin inoreva chimiro che polymer cheni chine mapoka maviri kana anopfuura epoxy mu polymer compounds, inhengo ye thermosetting resin, resin inomiririra i bisphenol A type epoxy resin.
(II) Hunhu hwemaresini epoxy (anowanzo nzi maresini epoxy emhando yebisphenol A)
1. Kukosha kwekushandiswa kwe epoxy resin yega yega kwakaderera zvikuru, inofanira kushandiswa pamwe chete nechinhu chinogadzirisa kupisa kuti ive nekushanda kwakakodzera.
2. Simba guru rekubatanidza: simba rekubatanidza re epoxy resin ndiro riri pamberi pezvinonamira zvakagadzirwa.
3. Kucheneswa kwesimbi kudiki, kucheneswa kwesimbi ye epoxy resin ndiko kudiki, uko kunonyanya kucheneswa kwesimbi ye epoxy resin ndiko kunonyanya kucheneswa, chimwe chezvikonzero zvikuru ndechekuti epoxy resin namatidza inocheneswa.
4. Kusashanda zvakanaka kwemakemikari: boka re ether, benzene ring uye aliphatic hydroxyl muchirongwa chekupisa hazvikurumidzi kupwanywa ne acid ne alkali. Mumvura yegungwa, petroleum, parafini, 10% H2SO4, 10% HCl, 10% HAc, 10% NH3, 10% H3PO4 uye 30% Na2CO3 zvinogona kushandiswa kwemakore maviri; uye mukunyudzwa kwe50% H2SO4 uye 10% HNO3 patembiricha yemumba kwehafu yegore; kunyudzwa kwe10% NaOH (100 ℃) kwemwedzi mumwe chete, mashandiro acho haachinji.
5. Kudzivirira kwemagetsi kwakanaka: voltage yekupwanyika kwe epoxy resin inogona kupfuura 35kv/mm 6. Kushanda zvakanaka kwemaitiro, kugadzikana kwehukuru hwechigadzirwa, kuramba kwakanaka uye kunyura kwemvura kushoma. Zvakanakira zveBisphenol A-type epoxy resin zvakanaka, asi zvinewo zvazvisingakoshi: ①. Kushanda kwe viscosity, iyo inoita seisina kunaka mukuvaka ②. Chinhu chakagadzirwa hachina kusimba, kureba kwacho kudiki. ③. Simba shoma reganda. ④. Kuramba kwakashata ku shock yemakanika uye yekupisa.
(III) kushandiswa nekuvandudzwa kweepoxy resin
1. Nhoroondo yekugadzirwa kwe epoxy resin: epoxy resin yakashandiswa patent yeSwiss naP.Castam muna 1938, epoxy adhesive yekutanga yakagadzirwa naCiba muna 1946, uye epoxy coating yakagadzirwa neSOCreentee yeUSA muna 1949, uye kugadzirwa kwe epoxy resin kwakatangwa mumaindasitiri muna 1958.
2. Kushandiswa kwe epoxy resin: ① Indasitiri yeCoating: epoxy resin muindasitiri yeCoating inoda huwandu hwakawanda hwe coating inobva mumvura, poda coating uye coating yakasimba inoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Inogona kushandiswa zvakanyanya mumidziyo yemapaipi, mota, ngarava, aerospace, electronics, matoyi, hunyanzvi uye mamwe maindasitiri. ② Indasitiri yemagetsi neyemagetsi: epoxy resin adhesive inogona kushandiswa pazvinhu zvemagetsi zvekudzivirira, zvakaita se rectifiers, transformers, sealing potting; sealing nekudzivirira zvikamu zvemagetsi; zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, insulation ne bonding; sealing ne bonding yemabhatiri; capacitors, resistors, inductors, pamusoro pejasi. ③ Zvishongo zvegoridhe, hunyanzvi, indasitiri yezvinhu zvemitambo: inogona kushandiswa kune zviratidzo, zvishongo, zviratidzo zvekutengeserana, hardware, rackets, hove, midziyo yemitambo, hunyanzvi nezvimwe zvigadzirwa. ④ Indasitiri yeOptoelectronic: inogona kushandiswa mu encapsulation, kuzadza ne bonding ye light-emitting diodes (LED), digital tubes, pixel tubes, electronic displays, LED lighting nezvimwe zvigadzirwa. ⑤Indasitiri yekuvaka: Ichashandiswawo zvakanyanya mumigwagwa, mabhiriji, pasi, simbi, kuvaka, kufukidza madziro, dhamu, kuvaka mainjiniya, kugadzirisa zvisaririra zvetsika nedzimwe nzvimbo. ⑥ Zvinonamira, zvinovhara uye zvinosanganisa: zvakaita semaburi emhepo, mabasa emaoko, zveceramic, magirazi nedzimwe mhando dzekubatanidza pakati pezvinhu, composite yekabhoni fiber sheet, microelectronic materials sealing nezvimwewo.
(IV) Hunhu hwenamira ye epoxy resin
1. Chinonamira che epoxy resin chakavakirwa pahunhu hwe epoxy resin hwekugadzirisa kana kugadzirisa, kuitira kuti mashandiro aro aenderane nezvinodiwa chaizvo, kazhinji chinonamira che epoxy resin chinofanirawo kuva nechinonamira che curing agent kuti chishandiswe, uye chinofanira kusanganiswa zvakaenzana kuti chinyatsogadzirwa, kazhinji chinonamira che epoxy resin chinozivikanwa se A glue kana main agent, chinonamira che curing agent chinozivikanwa se B glue kana curing agent (hardener).
2. Zvinoratidza hunhu hukuru hwe epoxy resin adhesive isati yagadzirwa ndeizvi: ruvara, viscosity, specific gravity, ratio, gel time, available time, curing time, thixotropy (stop flow), hardness, surface tension nezvimwewo. Viscosity (Viscosity): i internal frictional resistance ye colloid mukuyerera, kukosha kwayo kunotsanangurwa nerudzi rwechinhu, tembiricha, concentration nezvimwe zvinhu.
Nguva yegel: kugayiwa kweglue inzira yekushanduka kubva pakuita mvura kuita kuomarara, kubva pakutanga kwekuita kweglue kuenda kumamiriro akakosha egel inowanzova nguva yakasimba yenguva yegel, iyo inotsanangurwa nehuwandu hwekusanganiswa kweglue re epoxy resin, tembiricha nezvimwe zvinhu.
Thixotropy: Hunhu uhwu hunoreva colloid inobatwa nemasimba ekunze (kuzununguka, kumutsa, kudedera, mafungu e ultrasonic, nezvimwewo), nesimba rekunze kubva pakukora kusvika pakutetepa, apo zvinhu zvekunze zvinomisa basa re colloid kudzokera kune yekutanga apo kuenderana kwechiitiko.
Kuoma: zvinoreva kuramba kwezvinhu kumasimba ekunze akadai sekunyora nekukwenya. Zvichienderana nenzira dzakasiyana dzekuedza kuomarara kweShore (Shore), kuomarara kweBrinell (Brinell), kuomarara kweRockwell (Rockwell), kuomarara kweMohs (Mohs), kuomarara kweBarcol (Barcol), kuomarara kweVickers (Vichers) nezvimwewo. Kukosha kwemhando yekuedza kuomarara uye kuomarara kwakabatana nechinhu chinowanzo shandiswa chekuedza kuomarara, chimiro cheShore hardness tester chiri nyore, chakakodzera kuongororwa kwekugadzirwa, Shore hardness tester inogona kukamurwa kuita A type, C type, D type, A-type yekuyera soft colloid, C neD-type yekuyera semi-hard ne hard colloid.
Kushushikana kwepamusoro: kukwezva kwemamorekuru ari mukati memvura kuitira kuti mamorekuru ari pamusoro pemukati ave simba, simba iri rinoita kuti mvura iite zvakanyanya sezvinobvira kuderedza nzvimbo yayo yepamusoro uye kuumbwa kweparallel nepamusoro pesimba, rinozivikanwa se surface tension. Kana kuti kubatana pakati pezvikamu zviviri zviri pedyo pamusoro pemvura pahurefu hweyuniti, chiratidzo chesimba remamorekuru. Yuniti yekumanikidzwa kwepamusoro iN/m. Saizi yekumanikidzwa kwepamusoro ine chekuita nehunhu, kuchena uye tembiricha yemvura.
3. kuratidza hunhu hwenamira ye epoxy resinMushure mekugadziriswa kwezvinhu zvikuru ndeizvi: kuramba, voltage, kunyudzwa kwemvura, simba rekudzvanya, simba rekukwesha (tensile), simba rekuchekerera, simba rekusvuura, simba rekukanganisa kupisa, tembiricha yekukanganisa kupisa, tembiricha yekuchinja kwegirazi, kushushikana kwemukati, kuramba kwemakemikari, kureba, shrinkage coefficient, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, weathering, resistance yekukwegura, nezvimwewo.
Kuramba: Tsanangura hunhu hwekudzivirira kwechinhu hunowanzo kuve nekuramba kwepasi kana kuramba kwevhoriyamu. Kuramba kwepasi kungori pamusoro mumwe chete pakati pemaerekitirodhi maviri akayerwa kukosha kwekudzivirira, unit iΩ. Chimiro cheelectrode uye kukosha kwekudzivirira zvinogona kuverengerwa nekubatanidza resistivity yepamusoro pachikamu chimwe nechimwe. Kuramba kwevhoriyamu, kunozivikanwawo sekuti resistivity yevhoriyamu, coefficient yekudzivirira kwevhoriyamu, zvinoreva kukosha kwekudzivirira kuburikidza nehukobvu hwechinhu, chiratidzo chakakosha chekuratidza hunhu hwemagetsi hwezvinhu zve dielectric kana zvinodzivirira. Irondedzero yakakosha yekuratidza hunhu hwemagetsi hwezvinhu zve dielectric kana zvinodzivirira. 1cm2 dielectric resistance to leakage current, unit iΩ-m kana Ω-cm. Kana resistivity yakakura, hunhu hwekudzivirira huri nani.
Humbowo hwemagetsi: inozivikanwawo sesimba remagetsi anomira (simba rekudzivirira), kana voltage yakawedzerwa kumigumo yecolloid, simba remagetsi riri mukati mechinhu chacho rinowedzera, mukana wekuti colloid iparare zvakanyanya, zvichikonzera kuparara kwecolloid. Ita kuti insulator iparare voltage yakaderera inonzi chinhu che breakdown voltage. Ita kuti 1 mm thick insulating material breakdown ive ne 1 mm thick, unoda kuwedzera makilovolts emagetsi anonzi insulating material insulation stand voltage strength, anonzi standby voltage, unit yacho ndeiyi: Kv/mm. insulating material insulation uye tembiricha zvine hukama hwepedyo. Kana tembiricha yakakwira, zvinoita kuti insulation ishande zvakanyanya. Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti insulation ine simba, chinhu chega chega chinomira chine tembiricha yekushanda yakakodzera, mukupisa uku kuri pasi, chinogona kushandiswa zvakachengeteka kwenguva yakareba, kupfuura tembiricha iyi ichakurumidza kukwegura.
Kunyudzwa kwemvura: Chiyero chekuti chinhu chinonwisa mvura zvakadii. Chinoreva kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwechinhu chinonyudzwa mumvura kwenguva yakati rebei patembiricha yakati.
Simba rekusimba: Simba rekudhonza ndiro simba guru rekudhonza kana gel yakatambanudzwa kuti ityoke. Inozivikanwawo sesimba rekudhonza, simba rekudhonza, simba rekudhonza, simba rekudhonza. Chikamu chinonzi MPa.
Simba rekuveura: inozivikanwawo sesimba rekuchekerera, zvinoreva nzvimbo yekubatanidza yuniti inogona kutsungirira mutoro wepamusoro wakaenzana nenzvimbo yekubatanidza, iyo inowanzoshandiswa seyuniti yeMPa.
Simba rekusvuura: inozivikanwawo sesimba reganda, ndiyo mutoro wekukuvara kwakanyanya kunogona kutsungirira pahupamhi hweyuniti, ndiyo chiyero chemutsara wesimba, iyo yuniti i kN / m.
Kureba: zvinoreva colloid iri musimba rekudhonza pasi pechiito chehurefu hwekuwedzera kwehurefu hwepakutanga hwechikamu.
Kupisa kwekupisa: zvinoreva chiyero chekudzivirira kupisa kwechinhu chinoporesa, imhando yechinhu chinoporesa chakanyudzwa mumhando yenzvimbo yekupisa yeisothermal yakakodzera kutamiswa kwekupisa, mumutoro wekukotama usingachinji wemhando yedanda rakatsigirwa, yakayera kushanduka kwekukotama kwemuenzaniso kusvika pamutengo wakatarwa wekupisa, ndiko kuti, tembiricha yekukanganisika kwekupisa, inonzi tembiricha yekukanganisika kwekupisa, kana HDT.
Kupisa kwekuchinja kwegirazi: zvinoreva zvinhu zvakaporeswa kubva muchimiro chegirazi kuenda kushanduko isina chimiro kana kuti inochinjika zvakanyanya kana kuti inoyerera (kana zvakapesana neshanduko) yehurefu hwakamanikana hwekupisa hwepakati pepakati, hunozivikanwa sekupisa kwekuchinja kwegirazi, kunowanzo ratidzwa muTg, chiratidzo chekudzivirira kupisa.
Kuderedzwa kwehuwandu hwema "shrinkage": inotsanangurwa sechikamu chehuwandu hwekudzikira kusvika pahukuru husati hwadzikira, uye kudzikira ndiko musiyano uripo pakati pehukuru husati hwadzikira uye husati hwadzikira.
Kushushikana mukati: zvinoreva kusavapo kwemasimba ekunze, colloid (zvinhu) nekuda kwekuvapo kwezvikanganiso, shanduko yekupisa, zvinonyungudutsa, nezvimwe zvikonzero zvekushushikana kwemukati.
Kuramba kwemakemikari: zvinoreva kugona kuramba maacid, alkali, munyu, zvinonyungudutsa uye mamwe makemikari.
Kudzivirira murazvo: zvinoreva kugona kwechinhu ichi kuramba kutsva kana chasangana nemurazvo kana kudzivirira kuenderera mberi kwekutsva kana chiri kure nemurazvo.
Kudzivirira mamiriro ekunze: zvinoreva kuratidzwa kwezvinhu nezuva, kupisa nechando, mhepo nemvura nezvimwe mamiriro ekunze.
Kukwegura: kuporesa colloid mukugadzirisa, kuchengetedza uye kushandisa maitiro acho, nekuda kwezvinhu zvekunze (kupisa, chiedza, okisijeni, mvura, mwaranzi, masimba emakanika uye makemikari, nezvimwewo), shanduko dzemuviri kana dzemakemikari, zvekuti zvinhu zvepolymer zvinobatana, zvinopwanyika, zvinonamira, kupwanyika kwemavara, kupwanyika, kupwanyika kwechaki pamusoro, kupwanyika kwedenamination, kushanda kwekudzikira zvishoma nezvishoma kwehunhu hwemakanika hwekurasikirwa nekurasikirwa hakugone kushandiswa, chiitiko ichi chinonzi kukwegura. Chiitiko chekuchinja uku chinonzi kukwegura.
Dielectric constant: inozivikanwawo se capacitance rate, induced rate (Permittivity). Inoreva "yuniti volume" yega yega yechinhu, muyuniti yega yega ye "potential gradient" inogona kuchengetedza "electrostatic energy" (Electrostatic Energy) yehuwandu hwakadii. Kana colloid "permeability" yakakura (ndiko kuti, kunaka kwayo kwakaipa), uye mbiri dziri pedyo newaya yemagetsi dzichishanda, zvakaoma kusvika pamhedzisiro ye insulation yakakwana, nemamwe mazwi, mukana wekugadzira imwe leak. Naizvozvo, dielectric constant ye insulating material kazhinji, diki zviri nani. Dielectric constant yemvura i70, hunyoro hushoma, huchakonzera shanduko huru.
4. ruzhinji rwenamira ye epoxy resinine chinhu chinonamira kupisa, ine zvinhu zvikuru zvinotevera: kana tembiricha yakakwira, kugayiwa kunokurumidza; huwandu hwakasanganiswa hwechinhu chikagayiwa kunokurumidza; maitiro ekugadzirisa ane exothermic phenomenon.
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