Ka la 24 Phuptjane, Astute Analytica, setsebi sa lefats'e sa mohlahlobi le feme ea boeletsi, e phatlalalitse tlhahlobo ea lefats'e ka bopharafaeba ea khabone'Marakeng oa li-blade tsa rotor ea turbine ea moea, tlaleho ea 2024-2032. Ho ea ka tlhahlobo ea tlaleho, boholo ba carbon fiber ea lefats'e ka bophara 'marakeng oa li-blade tsa rotor ea turbine ea moea e ne e le hoo e ka bang $4,392 milione ka 2023, ha ho lebeletsoe hore e fihle ho $15,904 milione ka 2032, e hola ho CAGR ea 15.37% nakong ea nako e boletsoeng esale pele ea 2024-2032.
Lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa tlaleho mabapi le ts'ebeliso eafaeba ea khaboneMahareng a turbine ea moea ho na le likarolo tse latelang:
- Ho ya ka sebaka, mmaraka wa faeba ya khabone ya Asia-Pacific bakeng sa matla a moya ke o moholo ka ho fetisisa ka 2023, o etsang 59.9%;
- Ka boholo ba lehare la turbine ea moea, faeba ea carbon e na le karolo e phahameng ea ts'ebeliso ea 38.4% ka boholo ba lehare la 51-75 m;
- Ho ya ka pono ya dikarolo tsa tshebediso, karolo ya tshebediso ya faeba ya khabone ka hara sekwahelo sa lepheo la lepheo la turbine ya moya e hodimo ho 61.2%.
Mekhoa e meholo ea nts'etsopele ea mahare a turbine ea moea lilemong tsa morao tjena e kenyelletsa:
- Tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji tlhahisong: ntlafatso e tsoelang pele lits'ebetsong tsa tlhahiso ea fiber ea khabone le thepa ea thepa;
- Bolelele ba lehare bo ntseng bo eketseha: tlhoko ea mahare a malelele le a bobebe e ntse e eketseha e le ho ntlafatsa ho hapa le ho sebetsa hantle ha matla;
- Kholo ea 'maraka oa libaka: e susumetsoang ke tlhoko e ntseng e eketseha ea matla le maano a tšehetso ea mmuso, 'maraka sebakeng sa Asia-Pacific o atolohile haholo.
Liphephetso tse kholo ka ho fetisisa ts'ebelisong eafaeba ea khaboneKa har'a mahare a turbine ea moea ho kenyelletsa tse latelang:
- Litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa matsete a pele: tlhahiso ea khabone ea fiber le ho kopanngoa ka har'a liturbine tsa moea ho hloka chelete e ngata;
- Ketane ea phepelo le ho fumaneha ha thepa e tala, e hlokang phepelo e tsoelang pele ea thepa ea boleng bo holimo ea khabone;
- Litšitiso tsa botekgeniki le tsa tlhahiso: liphephetso tsa ho eketsa tlhahiso le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo ho qothisana lehlokoa le thepa ea setso joalo ka faeba ea khalase.
Hoo e ka bang 45% ea mahare a macha a turbine ea moea a hahiloeng ka 2024 a entsoe kafaeba ea khabone, 'me 70% ea mechini e mecha ea moea o tsoang lebopong la leoatle e kentsoeng ka 2023 e sebelisa mahare a carbon fiber
Bokgoni bohle ba ho kenya motlakase lefatsheng ka bophara bo feta 1 TW ka 2023. Katoloso ena e potlakileng e totobatsa karolo ya bohlokwa ya indasteri ho ntshetseng pele ditharollo tsa eneji e ntjhafatswang ho lwantsha phetoho ya maemo a lehodimo, mme e nngwe ya dihlohlelletso tsa bohlokwa tse ka morao ho sekgahla sa yona se phahameng sa kgolo ke tlhoko e ntseng e hola ya thepa e sebetsang hantle le e tshwarellang kahong ya turbine ya moya, haholoholo faeba ya khabone bakeng sa di-blade tsa rotor.
Thepa e phahameng ea thepa ea khabone ea faeba ha e bapisoa le likhoele tsa khalase tsa setso e baka keketseho ea tlhoko ealikhoele tsa khabonebakeng sa mahare a rotor a turbine ea moea. Faeba ea khabone e na le karolelano e phahameng ea matla ho ea boima, e leng ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso le bophelo bo bolelele ba liturbine tsa moea. Hoo e ka bang 45% ea mahare a rotor a sa tsoa etsoa ka 2024 a entsoe ka faeba ea khabone, e leng keketseho ea 10% ho tloha selemong se fetileng. Mokhoa ona o susumetsoa ke tlhoko ea ho hlahisa liturbine tse kholo, tse sebetsang hantle haholoanyane tse khonang ho hlahisa tlhahiso e phahameng; ha e le hantle, bokhoni bo tloaelehileng ba liturbine bo nyolohetse ho 4.5 megawatts (MW), keketseho ea 15% ho tloha ka 2022.
Tlhahlobo e tebileng ea Astute Analytica ea faeba ea khabone 'marakeng oa mahare a turbine ea moea e senola lipalo-palo tse' maloa tsa bohlokoa tse totobatsang mokhoa o phahameng oa kholo ea faeba ea khabone karolong ena. Haholo-holo, bokhoni ba lefats'e ba matla a moea bo fihlile ho 1,008 GW, e leng keketseho ea 73 GW ka 2023 feela. hoo e ka bang 70% ea lits'ebetso tse ncha tsa moea tse tsoang lebopong la leoatle ka 2023 (ka kakaretso ea 20 GW) li sebelisa mahare a faeba ea khabone ka lebaka la khanyetso ea tsona e matla khahlanong le libaka tse thata tsa leoatle. Ho phaella moo, tšebeliso ea faeba ea khabone e bontšitsoe e lelefatsa bophelo ba mahare ka 30% le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa tlhokomelo ka 25%, e leng ntlha ea bohlokoa bakeng sa bankakarolo ba indasteri ba ikemiselitseng ho ntlafatsa katleho ea ts'ebetso.
Ho phaella moo, dikgothaletso tsa leano le ditaelo tsa mmuso tsa ho fihlella ho se nke lehlakore ha khabone ka 2050 di potlakisitse matsete ho ntlafatseng mapolasi a moya a seng a ntse a le teng, ka 50% ya diporojeke tsa ntlafatso ka 2023 tse kenyeletsang ho nkela sebaka ha mahare a fiberglass ka mekhoa e meng ya faeba ya khabone.
Li-cap tsa moea tsa fiber ea carbon ke tsa bohlokoa ho ntlafatseng katleho ea turbine ea moea, 'me 70% ea mahare a macha a turbine ea moea a lebelletsoe ho ba le li-cap tsa moea tsa fiber ea carbon ka 2028.
Ka lebaka la matla a ikhethang le ho tšoarella ha likhaba tsa spar tsa carbon fiber, phuputso e bontša horefaeba ea khaboneLi-spar cap li ka ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea lehare ho fihlela ho 20%, e leng se fellang ka mahare a malelele le ho tšoaroa ha matla a mangata. Li-spar cap tsa carbon fiber li bapetse karolo ea bohlokoa keketsehong ea 30% ea bolelele ba lehare la moea lilemong tse leshome tse fetileng.
Lebaka le leng la ho sebelisafaeba ea khaboneLi-spar cap tse mahlakoreng a turbine ea moea ke hore li fokotsa boima ba lehare ka 25%, e leng se fokotsang litšenyehelo tsa thepa le lipalangoang. Ho phaella moo, bophelo ba mokhathala ba spar cap ea carbon fiber bo phahame ka 50% ho feta thepa e tloaelehileng, e leng se fokotsang litšenyehelo tsa tlhokomelo le ho atolosa bophelo ba turbine.
Ha indasteri ea moea e ntse e sebetsa ho fihlela lipheo tsa lefats'e tsa eneji e nchafatsoang, ho amoheloa ha mapheo a khabone le likhaba tsa spar ho tla eketseha le ho feta. Ho hakanngoa hore 70% ea mahare a macha a turbine ea moea a tla ba le likhaba tsa spar tsa khabone ka 2028, ha ho bapisoa le 45% ka 2023. Phetoho ena e lebelletsoe ho khanna keketseho ea 22% ea katleho ea turbine ka kakaretso. Ka tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji ea khabone e eketsang matla a thepa ka 10% le ho fokotsa tšusumetso ea eona tikolohong ka 5%, tšimo ea likhaba tsa airfoil e lebelletsoe ho busa le ho fetola moralo oa turbine ea moea, ho netefatsa bokamoso bo tsitsitseng le bo sebetsang bakeng sa matla a nchafatsoang.
Mahare a turbine ea moea ea bolelele ba limithara tse 51-75 a busa lefats'e ka bopharafaeba ea khabone'Maraka oa mahare a turbine ea moea, 'me tšebeliso ea mahare a carbon fiber e ka eketsa tlhahiso ea motlakase ka liphesente tse 25
Ka lebaka la ho batla bokgoni, ho tshwarella le tshebetso, karolo ya faeba ya khabone ya dimithara tse 51-75 ya mmaraka wa lehare la turbine ya moya e fetohile matla a maholo ho faeba ya khabone. Dibopeho tse ikgethang tsa faeba ya khabone di etsa hore e be thepa e loketseng sehlopha sena sa boholo. Karolelano e phahameng ya matla ho ya boima ba thepa e feta tshepe ka makgetlo a mahlano, e leng se fokotsang boima bohle ba lehare ka ho fetisisa, e leng se fellang ka ho ntlafala ha ho tshwarwa ha matla le bokgoni. Karolo ena ya bolelele e emela sebaka se setle moo tekano pakeng tsa ditjeo tsa thepa le tshebetso e ntlafaditsweng, mme mahare a faeba ya khabone a na le karolo ya mmaraka ya 60% sehlopheng sena.
Moruo oa matla a moea o kentse letsoho haholo ho tuma ha faeba ea khabone lefapheng lena. Litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa pele tsa faeba ea khabone li fokotsoa ke bophelo ba eona bo bolelele le tlhokomelo e fokotsehileng. Mahare a entsoeng ka faeba ea khabone a na le bophelo ba tšebeletso bo bolelele ba 20% pakeng tsa limithara tse 51-75 ha a bapisoa le mahare a entsoeng ka thepa e tloaelehileng. Ho phaella moo, litšenyehelo tsa potoloho ea bophelo ba mahare ana li fokotsehile ka 15% ka lebaka la ho nkeloa sebaka le ho lokisoa ho fokolang. Mabapi le tlhahiso ea matla, li-turbine tse nang le mahare a faeba ea khabone karolong ena ea bolelele li ka hlahisa motlakase o fihlang ho 25%, e leng se fellang ka puseletso e potlakileng ea matsete. Lintlha tsa 'maraka li bontša hore ho amoheloa ha faeba ea khabone karolong ena ho holile ka 30% ka selemo lilemong tse hlano tse fetileng.
Matla a mmaraka oa faeba ea khabone mahlakeng a turbine ea moea le ona a susumetsoa ke tlhoko ea mehloli ea matla a tsitsitseng le a nchafatsoang, ka matla a moea a lebelletsoeng ho fana ka 30% ea motlakase oa lefats'e ka 2030. Mahlakore a 51-75 m a loketse haholo mapolasing a moea a lebopong la leoatle, moo liturbine tse kholo le tse sebetsang hantle li leng bohlokoa. Ho kenngoa ha lisebelisoa tsa kantle ho leoatle ho sebelisang mahlakore a faeba ea khabone ho eketsehile ka 40%, ho susumetsoa ke maano a mmuso le lithuso tse reretsoeng ho fokotsa mehato ea khabone. Bolaoli ba karolo ena ea 'maraka bo totobatsoa haholo ke monehelo oa 50% oa faeba ea khabone kholong eohle ea indasteri ea moea, e leng se etsang horefaeba ea khabonee seng feela khetho ea lintho tse bonahalang, empa ke lejoe la motheo la meralo ea motheo ea eneji ea nakong e tlang.
Ho phahama ha matla a moea Asia-Pacific ho etsa hore e be matla a maholo ho fiber ea carbon bakeng sa mahare a turbine ea moea
Ka lebaka la indasteri e ntseng e hola ea matla a moea, Asia Pacific e hlahile e le moreki e moholo oa khabone ea fiber bakeng sa mahare a turbine ea moea. Ka matla a fetang 378.67 GW a matla a moea a kentsoeng ka 2023, sebaka sena se ikarabella bakeng sa hoo e ka bang 38% ea matla a moea a kentsoeng lefatšeng ka bophara. Chaena le India ke baetapele, 'me Chaena feela e kenya letsoho ka 310 GW e makatsang, kapa 89% ea matla a sebaka seo.
Ho phaella moo, Chaena ke moetapele wa lefatshe kopanong ya nacelle ya turbine ya moya e lebopong la lewatle, e nang le bokgoni ba selemo le selemo ba 82 GW. Ho tloha ka Phuptjane 2024, Chaena e se e kentse 410 GW ya matla a moya. Dipakane tse matla tsa eneji e ntjhafatswang tsa sebaka seo, tse kgannwang ke tlhokeho e ntseng e hola ya eneji le boitlamo ba tikoloho, di hloka mahlale a tswetseng pele le a sebetsang hantle.
Sebaka sa Asia-Pacific se na le bahlahisi ba ka sehloohong ba faeba ya khabone, ba netefatsang phepelo e tsitsitseng ya faeba ya khabone le boqapi ba theknoloji. Bobebe ba faeba ya khabone bo dumella bophara bo boholo ba rotor le bokgoni bo ntlafetseng ba ho hapa matla. Sena se bakile keketseho ya 15% ya tlhahiso ya matla bakeng sa di-installation tse ntjha ha ho bapiswa le thepa e tlwaelehileng. Ka bokgoni ba matla a moya bo boletsweng esale pele hore bo tla hola ka 30% ka 2030, ho amohelwa ha faeba ya khabone ka hara di-turbine tsa moya ho tla tswela pele ho nyoloha sebakeng sa Asia-Pacific.
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