Kuthekani ukuba izinto ezidityanisiweyo ze-glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) zinokudityaniswa ekupheleni kobomi bazo obuluncedo, ukongeza kwiminyaka emininzi yeenzuzo eziqinisekisiweyo zokunciphisa ubunzima, amandla nokuqina, ukumelana nokugqwala kunye nokuqina? Oko, ngamafutshane, kukutsala kobuchwepheshe be-ABM Composite.
Iglasi esebenzayo, iifayibha ezinamandla aphezulu
Yasekwa ngo-2014, i-Arctic Biomaterials Oy (eTampere, eFinland) iphuhlise ifayibha yeglasi ebolayo eyenziwe ngeglasi ebizwa ngokuba yi-bioactive, nto leyo u-Ari Rosling, umlawuli we-R&D kwi-ABM Composite, ayichaza njenge "ndlela ekhethekileyo eyaphuhliswa ngeminyaka yoo-1960 evumela iglasi ukuba yonakale phantsi kweemeko zomzimba. Xa ifakwe emzimbeni, iglasi iyaqhekeka ibe ziityuwa zayo zeminerali, ikhuphe i-sodium, i-magnesium, ii-phosphates, njl.njl., ngaloo ndlela idala imeko ekhuthaza ukukhula kwamathambo."
"Ineempawu ezifanayo nezeifayibha yeglasi engena-alkali (iglasi ye-E).” URosling uthe, “Kodwa le glasi esebenzayo emzimbeni kunzima ukuyenza nokuyitsala ibe yimicu, kwaye kude kube ngoku isetyenziswa njengumgubo okanye i-putty. Ngokwazi kwethu, i-ABM Composite yayiyinkampani yokuqala ukwenza imicu yeglasi enamandla aphezulu ngayo kwinqanaba lemizi-mveliso, kwaye ngoku sisebenzisa le micu yeglasi ye-ArcBiox X4/5 ukuqinisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeplastiki, kuquka iipolymers ezinokubola”.
Izinto ezifakelweyo zonyango
Ummandla waseTampere, okwiiyure ezimbini emantla eHelsinki, eFinland, ubuliziko leepolymers ezibolayo ezisekelwe kwibhayoloji kwiinkonzo zonyango ukusukela ngeminyaka yoo-1980. URosling uchaza athi, “Enye yezinto zokuqala ezifakelweyo ezithengiswayo ezenziwe ngezi zinto yenziwa eTampere, kwaye yiyo loo ndlela i-ABM Composite eyaqala ngayo! ngoku elicandelo lethu leshishini lezonyango”.
“Kukho iipolymer ezininzi ezinokubola, ezinokufunxwa zizinto eziphilayo ezifakwa kwi-implants.” Uqhubeka athi, “kodwa iimpawu zazo zoomatshini azifani nezethambo lendalo. Sikwazile ukuphucula ezi polymers ezinokubola ukuze sinike i-implant amandla afanayo namathambo endalo”. URosling uqaphele ukuba iifayibha zeglasi ze-ArcBiox zeklasi yezonyango ngokongeza i-ABM zinokuphucula iimpawu zoomatshini zeepolymers ze-PLLA ezinokubola nge-200% ukuya kwi-500%.
Ngenxa yoko, ii-implants ze-ABM Composite zibonelela ngokusebenza okuphezulu kunee-implants ezenziwe ngee-polymers ezingaqiniswanga, ngelixa zikwazi ukufunxwa zizinto eziphilayo kwaye zikhuthaza ukwakheka nokukhula kwamathambo. I-ABM Composite ikwasebenzisa iindlela zokubeka iifayibha/istrandi ngokuzenzekelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ifayibha ilungelelaniswe kakuhle, kuquka ukubeka iifayibha kulo lonke ubude be-implant, kunye nokubeka iifayibha ezongezelelweyo kwiindawo ezinokuba buthathaka.
Izicelo zasekhaya nezobuchwephesha
Ngecandelo layo elikhulayo leshishini lezonyango, i-ABM Composite iyaqonda ukuba iipolymers ezisekelwe kwizinto eziphilayo nezibolayo zinokusetyenziselwa izinto zasekhitshini, izixhobo zokutya nezinye izinto zasekhaya. “Ezi polymers zibolayo zihlala zineempawu ezimbi zoomatshini xa kuthelekiswa neeplastiki ezisekelwe kwi-petroleum.” URosling uthe, “Kodwa singaziqinisa ezi zinto ngeefayibha zethu zeglasi ezibolayo, sizenze zibe yindlela elungileyo endaweni yeeplastiki zorhwebo ezisekelwe kwizinto zakudala kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo zobugcisa”.
Ngenxa yoko, i-ABM Composite yonyuse icandelo layo leshishini lobuchwephesha, ngoku eliqesha abantu abangama-60. “Sinikezela ngezisombululo ezizinzileyo zokuphela kobomi (EOL).” URosling uthi, “Injongo yethu kukubeka ezi ngxubevange zibolayo kwimisebenzi yokwenziwa komgquba kwimizi-mveliso apho ziguquka zibe ngumhlaba.” Iglasi ye-E yendabuko ayisebenzi kwaye ayizukonakala kwezi ndawo zokwenza umgquba.
Ii-ArcBiox Fibre Composites
I-ABM Composite iphuhlise iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeefayibha zeglasi ze-ArcBiox X4/5 zokusetyenziswa kwe-composite, ukusuka kwi-iifayibha ezimfutshanekunye neekhompawundi zokubumba ngenalitiiifayibha eziqhubekayokwiinkqubo ezinje ngokubumba ilaphu kunye ne-pultrusion. Uluhlu lwe-ArcBiox BSGF ludibanisa imicu yeglasi ebolayo kunye nee-resin ze-polyester ezisekelwe kwi-bio kwaye ziyafumaneka kwiiklasi zobuchwepheshe ngokubanzi kwaye iiklasi ze-ArcBiox 5 zivunyiwe ukuba zisetyenziswe kwizicelo zokunxibelelana nokutya.
I-ABM Composite ikwaphande ngeentlobo ngeentlobo zeepolymers ezinokubola kunye nezisekelwe kwi-bio kuquka iPolylactic Acid (PLA), iPLA kunye nePolybutylene Succinate (PBS). Umzobo ongezantsi ubonisa indlela iifayibha zeglasi ze-X4/5 ezinokuphucula ngayo ukusebenza ukuze zikhuphisane neepolymers eziqinisiweyo zefayibha yeglasi eziqhelekileyo ezifana ne-polypropylene (PP) kunye ne-polyamide 6 (PA6).
I-ABM Composite ikwaphande ngeentlobo ngeentlobo zeepolymers ezinokubola kunye nezisekelwe kwi-bio, kuquka iPolylactic Acid (PLA), iPLA kunye nePolybutylene Succinate (PBS). Umzobo ongezantsi ubonisa indlela iifayibha zeglasi ze-X4/5 ezinokuphucula ngayo ukusebenza ukuze zikhuphisane neepolymers eziqinisiweyo zefayibha zeglasi eziqhelekileyo ezifana ne-polypropylene (PP) kunye ne-polyamide 6 (PA6).
Ukuqina kunye nokuQinisekisa
Ukuba ezi zinto zihlanganisiweyo ziyabola, ziya kuhlala ixesha elingakanani? “Iifayibha zethu zeglasi ze-X4/5 azinyibiliki kwimizuzu emihlanu okanye ubusuku bonke njengoko iswekile isenza, kwaye nangona iimpawu zazo ziya konakala ngokuhamba kwexesha, aziyi kubonakala kangako.” URosling uthi, “Ukuze zibole ngempumelelo, sidinga amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye nokufuma ixesha elide, njengoko kufumaneka kwi-vivo okanye kwiinqwaba ze-compost yemizi-mveliso. Umzekelo, sivavanye iikomityi kunye nezitya ezenziwe ngezinto zethu ze-ArcBiox BSGF, kwaye zinokumelana nemijikelo yokuhlamba izitya engama-200 ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kukusebenza. Kukho ukonakala kweempawu zoomatshini, kodwa kungekhona kwinqanaba apho iikomityi zingakhuselekanga ukuzisebenzisa”.
Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba xa ezi composites zilahlwa ekupheleni kobomi bazo obuluncedo, zihlangabezane neemfuno ezisemgangathweni ezifunekayo ekwenzeni umgquba, kwaye i-ABM Composite yenze uthotho lweemvavanyo ukubonisa ukuba iyahlangabezana nale migangatho. “Ngokwemigangatho ye-ISO (yokwenza umgquba kwimizi-mveliso), ukubola kwe-biogradation kufuneka kwenzeke kwiinyanga ezi-6 kwaye kubole kwiinyanga ezi-3/iintsuku ezingama-90”. URosling uthi, “Ukubola kuthetha ukubeka isampuli yovavanyo/imveliso kwi-biomass okanye kwi-compost. emva kweentsuku ezingama-90, ingcali ihlola i-biomass isebenzisa isihluzo. emva kweeveki ezili-12, ubuncinci i-90 ekhulwini yemveliso kufuneka ikwazi ukudlula kwisihluzo se-2 mm × 2 mm”.
Ukubola kwezinto eziphilayo kugqitywa ngokucola izinto ezingabonakaliyo zibe ngumgubo kunye nokulinganisa inani lilonke le-CO2 ekhutshwayo emva kweentsuku ezingama-90. Oku kuvavanya ukuba ingakanani i-carbon content yenkqubo yokwenza umgquba eguqulwa ibe ngamanzi, i-biomass kunye ne-CO2. "Ukuze uphumelele uvavanyo lokwenza umgquba kwimizi-mveliso, kufuneka kuphunyezwe ama-90 ekhulwini e-CO2 yethiyori evela kwinkqubo yokwenza umgquba (ngokusekelwe kumxholo we-carbon)".
URosling uthi i-ABM Composite ihlangabezane neemfuno zokubola kunye nokubola kwe-biodegradation, kwaye uvavanyo lubonise ukuba ukongezwa kwefayibha yayo yeglasi ye-X4 kuyayiphucula i-biodegradation (jonga itheyibhile engasentla), eyi-78% kuphela yomxube we-PLA ongaqiniswanga, umzekelo. Ucacisa athi, "Nangona kunjalo, xa imicu yethu yeglasi ebolayo engama-30% yongezwa, i-biodegradation yanda yaya kwi-94%, ngelixa amazinga okubola ehlala elungile".
Ngenxa yoko, i-ABM Composite ibonakalise ukuba izinto zayo zinokuqinisekiswa njengezinokugqunywa ngokwe-EN 13432. Uvavanyo oluphumeleleyo kwizinto zayo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku luquka i-ISO 14855-1 yokubola kwezinto phantsi kweemeko zokugqunywa ezilawulwayo, i-ISO 16929 yokubola okulawulwayo kwe-aerobic, i-ISO DIN EN 13432 yeemfuno zeekhemikhali, kunye ne-OECD 208 yovavanyo lwe-phytotoxicity, i-ISO DIN EN 13432.
I-CO2 ikhutshwa ngexesha lokwenza umgquba
Ngexesha lokwenza umgquba, i-CO2 iyakhutshwa, kodwa enye isala emhlabeni ize isetyenziswe zizityalo. Ukwenza umgquba kuye kwafundwa amashumi eminyaka, zombini njengenkqubo yemizi-mveliso kunye nenkqubo emva kokwenza umgquba ekhupha i-CO2 encinci kunezinye iindlela zokulahla inkunkuma, kwaye ukwenza umgquba kusathathwa njengenkqubo enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo yekhabhoni.
Ubuthi bendalo buquka ukuvavanya i-biomass eveliswa ngexesha lenkqubo yokwenza umgquba kunye nezityalo ezikhuliswe ngale biomass. “Oku kukuqinisekisa ukuba ukwenza umgquba kwezi mveliso akuzilimazi izityalo ezikhulayo.” URosling utshilo. Ukongeza, i-ABM Composite ibonakalise ukuba izixhobo zayo ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zokubola kwezityalo phantsi kweemeko zokubola kwezityalo zasekhaya, ezifuna ne-90% yokubola kwezityalo, kodwa kwixesha leenyanga ezili-12, xa kuthelekiswa nexesha elifutshane lokwenza umgquba kwimizi-mveliso.
Izicelo zoshishino, imveliso, iindleko kunye nokukhula kwexesha elizayo
Izinto ze-ABM Composite zisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezininzi zorhwebo, kodwa ezinye azinakutyhilwa ngenxa yezivumelwano zobumfihlo. “Siodola izinto zethu ukuze zihambelane nezicelo ezifana neekomityi, iisosi, iipleyiti, izixhobo zokugcina ukutya kunye nezikhongozeli zokugcina ukutya,” utshilo uRosling, “kodwa zikwasetyenziswa njengendlela eyahlukileyo yeplastiki esekwe kwipetroliyam kwizikhongozeli zezinto zokuhombisa kunye nezinto ezinkulu zasekhaya. Kutshanje, izinto zethu zikhethwe ukuba zisetyenziswe ekwenzeni izinto kwiindawo ezinkulu zokufakelwa koomatshini bemizi-mveliso ekufuneka zitshintshwe rhoqo emva kweeveki ezi-2-12. Ezi nkampani ziye zaqaphela ukuba ngokusebenzisa i-fiber yeglasi yethu ye-X4, ezi ndawo zoomatshini zinokwenziwa ngokumelana nokuguguleka okufunekayo kwaye zinokugqunywa emva kokusetyenziswa. Esi sisisombululo esinomtsalane kwixesha elizayo njengoko ezi nkampani zijongene nomngeni wokuhlangabezana nemigaqo emitsha yokusingqongileyo kunye nokukhutshwa kwe-CO2”.
URosling wongeze wathi, “Kukwakho nomdla okhulayo ekusebenziseni iifayibha zethu eziqhubekayo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zelaphu kunye nee-nonwovens ukwenza izinto zokwakha kwishishini lokwakha. Sikwabona nomdla wokusebenzisa iifayibha zethu ezibolayo ezine-bio-based kodwa ezingabolayo ze-PA okanye ze-PP kunye nezinto ze-thermoset ezingabolayo”.
Okwangoku, i-X4/5 fiberglass ibiza kakhulu kune-E-glass, kodwa ubungakanani bemveliso nabo buncinci, kwaye i-ABM Composite ilandela amathuba amaninzi okwandisa izicelo kunye nokwenza lula ukunyuka ukuya kuthi ga kwiitoni ezingama-20,000 ngonyaka njengoko imfuno ikhula, nto leyo enokunceda ekunciphiseni iindleko. Nangona kunjalo, uRosling uthi kwiimeko ezininzi iindleko ezinxulumene nokuhlangabezana nozinzo kunye neemfuno ezintsha zomthetho azikaqwalaselwa ngokupheleleyo. Okwangoku, ukungxamiseka kokusindisa iplanethi kuyakhula. “Uluntu sele lufuna iimveliso ezisekelwe kwi-bio.” Ucacisa athi, “Zininzi izinto ezikhuthazayo zokuqhubela phambili ubuchwepheshe bokuphinda kusetyenziswe izinto, ihlabathi kufuneka lihambe ngokukhawuleza koku kwaye ndicinga ukuba uluntu luya kwandisa kuphela ukutyhala kwalo iimveliso ezisekelwe kwi-bio kwixesha elizayo”.
I-LCA kunye neNzuzo yokuZinza
URosling uthi izinto ze-ABM Composite zinciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi ezibangela ubushushu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla angavuselelekiyo ngama-50-60 ekhulwini ngekhilogram. “Sisebenzisa i-Environmental Footprint Database 2.0, iseti yedatha yeGaBi evunyiweyo, kunye nokubalwa kwe-LCA (Life Cycle Analysis) kwiimveliso zethu ngokusekelwe kwindlela echazwe kwi-ISO 14040 kunye ne-ISO 14044”.
“Okwangoku, xa izinto ezidityanisiweyo zifikelela esiphelweni somjikelo wazo wobomi, kufuneka amandla amaninzi ukuze kutshiswe okanye kugalelwe inkunkuma edityanisiweyo kunye neemveliso ze-EOL, kwaye ukuqhekeza kunye nokwenza umgquba lukhetho olunomtsalane, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo yenye yezona ziphakamiso zibalulekileyo esizinikezelayo, kwaye sibonelela ngohlobo olutsha lokukwazi ukuphinda sisebenzise.” URosling uthi, “I-fiberglass yethu yenziwe ngezinto zendalo zeminerali esele zikhona emhlabeni. Kutheni ke ngoko singasebenzisi izinto ezidityanisiweyo ze-compost EOL, okanye sinyibilikise iifayibha ezivela kwizinto ezidityanisiweyo ezingonakalisiyo emva kokutshiswa size sizisebenzise njengesichumiso? Olu lukhetho lokuphinda sisebenzise olunomdla wokwenene kwihlabathi liphela”.
I-Shanghai Orisen New Material Technology Co., Ltd
M: +86 18683776368 (kwakhona neWhatsApp)
Ucingo:+86 08383990499
Email: grahamjin@jhcomposites.com
Idilesi: NO.398 New Green Road Xinbang Town Isithili saseSongjiang, eShanghai
Ixesha leposi: Meyi-27-2024