Iqela letotshi laseShanghai Petrochemical liqhekeze icarbon fiberiqokobhe letotshi kwi-1000 degrees Celsius kwinkqubo yokulungiselela ingxaki enzima, ukuveliswa okuyimpumelelo kwetotshi "Flying". Ubunzima bayo buyi-20% ilula kunegobolondo le-aluminium yendabuko, eneempawu "zokukhanya, okuqinileyo kunye nokuhle".
NgoJanuwari 2022, iqela lophando lwetotshi ye-Shanghai Petrochemical lifakela iitanki ze-hydrogen kwitotshi "Flying" eBeijing.
Shanghai PetrochemicalI-Carbon FiberUmgca weMveliso
Yongjun Hu
I-Olimpiki yaseParis ye-2024 sele iza kuvulwa, iimbaleki zilungele ukuhamba, abalandeli bezemidlalo bagcwele ukulindela. Ngesi sihlandlo, asinakuzibamba kodwa sicinge emva kwi-Olimpiki yaseBusika yaseBeijing yowama-2022 kunye neMidlalo yeParalympic. Njengomlingane osemthethweni we-2022 Beijing Olympic kunye neParalympic Winter Games, i-SINOPEC iye yazalisekisa ngokunyanisekileyo uxanduva kunye nemisebenzi yayo, ibandakanyeka kumsebenzi wokulungiselela, kwaye izinikele ekwakhiweni kweendawo, ukunikezelwa kwamandla, ukukhuselwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kunye neenkonzo zokuzithandela. Phakathi kwabo, i-SINOPEC yakhokela kuphando kunye nophuhliso kunye nokuveliswa kobuninzi beTotshi yeOlimpiki yaseBusika, iqonda eyokuqala yehlabathi.carbon fiberimathiriyeli ehlanganisiweyo ukwenza iqokobhe letotshi yeOlimpiki, ukunceda iiOlimpiki eziHlaza.
Imvelaphi
Ukuzalisekisa ngokuqinileyo uxanduva lwamashishini aphakathi, ukuze "igolide emnyama" ifayibha yekhabhoni ingene kwitotshi yeOlimpiki yaseBusika.
Ngo-2018, iShanghai Petrochemical yamkele igqiza elityeleleyo elibandakanya amanye amanani ezemidlalo. Esazisa ngeteknoloji yecarbon fiber yeSINOPEC, u-Huang Xiangyu, usekela-manejala jikelele weShanghai Petrochemical, ngokuzingca wathi, “Ikharbon fiber yikota kuphela yobunzima bentsimbi, kodwa inamandla aphindwe kasixhenxe ukuya kwalithoba.
Yayiluphawu olunjalo olwathi lwaqalisa ubudlelwane phakathi kweShanghai Petrochemical kunye netotshi yeOlimpiki yaseBusika.
Ngo-Epreli wama-2020, iKomiti eQuquzelelayo yeeOlimpiki zaseBusika eBeijing yacela ngokuphandle izindululo zoyilo lokuvela kwetotshi kuluntu luphela. Ngokukhawuleza bacinga ngeteknoloji ye-carbon fiber ye-SGPC kwaye baqala ukufuna ithuba lokubambisana.
Ixesha linzima, umsebenzi unzima, kwaye iimfuno ziphezulu, ngaba uya kusebenza okanye akunjalo?
"Asinakwenza nje kuphela, kodwa kufuneka siyenze kakuhle!" I-Shanghai Petrochemical izalisekisa ngokuqinisekileyo uxanduva lwamashishini aphakathi, kunye neminyaka yokulimacarbon fiberintsimi yakwazi ubugcisa obuphambili, thatha inyathelo lokuqala lokuthatha umsebenzi wophuhliso lweqokobhe letotshi yeOlimpiki yaseBusika.
"Iqela leQela leQela libona ukubaluleka okukhulu kwiqela, kwaye liye layalela ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba umxholo wobugcisa obuphezulu betotshi yeOlimpiki yaseBusika kufuneka yakhiwe ukubonisa amandla e-SINOPEC yesayensi neteknoloji entsha, kunye nokubonisa umfanekiso wenkampani we-SINOPEC wokuthambekela kwezopolitiko, kuthathelwa ingqalelo imeko iyonke, kunye nokuba noxanduva." UHuang Xiangyu ukhumbula oku, “Iqela lethu lonke belikhuthazekile yaye lizele ngumoya wokulwa!”
I-Shanghai Petrochemical okokuqala ngqa ukuseka iqela lohlaselo lwetotshi, kwaye kulo lonke ukhokelo ekuququzeleleni iqela lentsebenziswano elifanelekileyo ukwenza uphando kunye nophuhliso lwekhabhoni fiber kwiqokobhe letotshi, ingxelo ecacileyo yobuthunywa, ithayimthebhile, enoxanduva lokuqinisekisa umgangatho ophezulu wokugqiba lo msebenzi uzukileyo.
"Ngelo xesha, inkqubo yoyilo lwetotshi ayikaphumi, ukuze sibambe umhla obekiweyo, saziqhelanisa kwangaphambili, ngokubhekiselele kwisitayile setotshi seMidlalo yeOlimpiki yaseBeijing ka-2008, senze iitotshi ezininzi. Uqheliselo lubonakalise ukuba itotshi yekhabhoni yefiber inokubuyisela isitayile, kodwa kwakhona ukuphumeza ukukhanya kunye namandla, sonke sicinga ukuba yimpumelelo!" U-Lin Shengbing, umphathi jikelele we-Shanghai Petrochemical Advanced Materials Innovation Research Institute, waziswa.
NgoSeptemba 22, 2020, yiOfisi kaSihlalo kaSihlalo weKomiti yeOlimpiki yaseBusika eBeijing yesigqibo, igama lomsebenzi othi “Ukubhabha”, iMidlalo yeOlimpiki yaseBusika yaseBeijing kunye noyilo lwetotshi yeParalympic yaseBusika. Ukuze kuphunyezwe ngcono ingqikelelo yeeOlimpiki eziHlaza, itotshi yeOlimpiki yaseBusika iya kusebenzisa i-hydrogen kunye ne-carbon fiber technology. Ngomhla wama-23 kuSeptemba ka-2020, iKomiti eQuquzelelayo yeOlimpiki yaseBusika eBeijing yabamba intlanganiso, engazange izinyaswe ngabayili kuphela, kodwa naziingcali ezivela eShanghai Petrochemical Carbon Fiber Materials kunye neAerospace Science kunye neTekhnoloji yeHydrogen Combustion.
Ukuwisa
Ukuqala umlo wokusungula ngokubambisana, kunye "neteknoloji emnyama" ukwenza itotshi yeOlimpiki yaseBusika "ilula, iqinile, intle".
Ngenxa yempumelelo yovavanyo lokuqala, iqela lokuhlasela itotshi laseShanghai Petrochemical laligcwele ukuzithemba. Noko ke, inyaniso yabagalela ngamanzi abandayo.
“Ngo-Okthobha ka-2020, xa safumana iisampulu zetotshi ze-3D eziprintwe liqela loyilo, sonke sothuka.” Shen Haijuan, umlawuli weSebe loPhando kunye noPhuhliso lwe-Shanghai Petrochemical Advanced Materials Innovation Research Institute, uthe.
Abaqulunqi bezandla ze "Flyer", imilo ejikelezayo, eyahlulwe kwibhanti yangaphakathi kunye nebhanti yangaphandle, kufuneka ihlanganiswe ngokugqibeleleyo. Uyenza njani icarbon fiberiqokobhe letotshi linokwamkela imilo engaqhelekanga yomceli mngeni, kodwa inokumelana novavanyo lokumelana nomlilo kunye nobushushu obuphezulu? Nangona i "Flyer" inkulu kunetotshi yeOlimpiki yaseBeijing ka-2008, isencinci kakhulu. Kwisithuba esimxinwa setanki yokugcina i-hydrogen kunye nesitshisi, indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yokutshisa i-hydrogen iveza ilangatye elipheleleyo neliqaqambileyo, kwaye liqinisekisa ukuba i-hydrogen inokutshiswa ixesha elaneleyo?
Ubunzima kunye nemiceli mngeni yeza enye emva kwenye, iqela letotshi lahlulahlula ngeendlela ezimbini zokuhlasela ingxaki. Enye indlela, akhokele umbutho weYunivesithi yaseDonghua, Yunlu Composite Inkampani iqela lokunitha elinamacala amathathu, elinoxanduva lwetotshi iqokobhe letotshi lophando lobugcisa bokunitha obuthathu kunye nophuhliso kunye nemveliso, ukukrola kwelaser kunye nokutshiza ngombala, indibano, iqondo eliphezulu lokubuyiselwa kwemilo eguqukayo yetotshi; kunye neqela lenyukliya yesibhozo senyukliya, inkampani yeekhemikhali iKubei, uphando kunye nophuhliso lwezinto ezihlanganisiweyo zekhabhoni fiber, ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nobushushu obuphezulu betotshi, iimfuno zokumelana nomlilo. Kwelinye icala, sisebenzisana neQela leNzululwazi ye-Aerospace kunye neTekhnoloji kunye neQela leNzululwazi ye-Aerospace kunye neQela leShishini ukuphuhlisa ibhanti yeflutter yangaphakathi kunye nenkqubo yokutsha yetotshi ye-hydrogen kunye netotshi ye-propane ngokulandelelanayo.
Idabi lentsebenziswano entsha ejikeleze i-"Flyer" ikwinqanaba eliphezulu. Kuphuhliso iqokobhe letotshi kwiinyanga ezi-3, iqela letotshi ukoyisa inani leengxaki zobugcisa enye enye, eyenziwe ukusuka imveliso carbon fiber, ulungiselelo izinto ezidityanisiweyo ukuya ekupheleni isicelo imveliso yesisombululo-sinye-stop.
Itotshi yeCarbon fiber kunye nokukhanya kunye namandla, kwaye xa kuthelekiswa netotshi yangaphambili eyenziwe ngealluminiyam ialloy, kodwa nokuqinisekisa ukuba itotshi ebusika phantsi kobushushu obuphantsi xa udlula imvakalelo engcono. Nangona kunjalo, i-carbon fiber ngokwayo ayimelani nokushisa okuphezulu, ngaphantsi komlilo, enye yeengxaki eziphambili. Ukuze kusonjululwe ingxaki, iShanghai Petrochemical kunye neChina National Nuclear Corporation Nuclear ezisibhozo zibambene ngesandla, ukwaziswa kokusebenza okuphezulu.iintlazi, kunye ne-carbon fibers eyenziwe nge-carbon fiber composites, kunye nenkqubo yokulungelelanisa, isiqingatha esiphezulu sokuphela kwetotshi yokutshisa iqondo lokushisa elingaphezulu kwe-1,000 degrees Celsius kunyango olukhethekileyo, kwaye yasombulula ngokufanelekileyo inkqubo yokulungiselela ubushushu obuphezulu beqokobhe letotshi eliqhumayo, ukuqhekeka kunye nezinye iingxaki ezinzima.
Imathiriyeli yeCarbon fiber composite ukwenza iqokobhe letotshi ye-Olimpiki, ayililo kuphela ihlabathi lokuqala, kunye nenguqulelo yokuphumeza ubunzima beqokobhe letotshi ngama-20% ikhaphukhaphu kuneqokobhe le-aluminiyam yealloyi, ebonisa iimpawu “ezikhanyayo, eziqinileyo, ezintle”.
Emva kovavanyo lweengcali kunye novavanyo olusebenzayo, ukhuseleko lwetotshi ye-carbon fiber hydrogen kunye nokuthembeka, inokumelana nomoya we-10 kunye nemvula, inokusetyenziswa kwimozulu ebanda kakhulu. Ngelixa usombulula iingxaki eziyinkimbinkimbi, ithathele ingqalelo iimfuno zobunzima bokukhanya, i-miniaturization kunye nokuhambelana kwemilo.
Emva kokukhutshwa ngokusemthethweni kwetotshi ethi "Flying", itotshi yeOlimpiki yaseBusika, edibanisa iimpawu zemveli zesizwe saseTshayina kunye nomxholo weteknoloji yanamhlanje, ihlolwe kakhulu.
Imveliso enkulu
Ukwenziwa kwemveliso ngobuninzi betotshi ephathwayo ukuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa ngaphandle kwamagingxigingxi kwetotshi yeOlimpiki yaseBusika “phezu kweentaba nangaphaya kolwandle”.
Emva “kobunzima obungamakhulu alithoba anamashumi alithoba ananye”, iqela letotshi linike impendulo egqibeleleyo. Phambi kokubhiyozela, umsebenzi omtsha ufikile: ngoMatshi ka-2021, iKomiti eQuquzelelayo yeOlimpiki yaseBusika eBeijing iphakamise ukuba i-SINOPEC, njengeqabane elisemthethweni leMidlalo yeOlimpiki yaseBeijing kunye neMidlalo yaseBusika yeParalympic, yenze iprojekthi yokuveliswa kwetotshi ephathwayo.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iShanghai Petrochemical yaseka iqela leprojekthi yokuvelisa ngobuninzi yaza yaseka amaqela amathathu asebenzayo olungelelwaniso olubanzi, ukusebenza kweshishini, kunye nokubekwa kweliso kwimveliso kunye nokuvelisa ukukhuthaza ngokupheleleyo ukuveliswa kwetotshi ngobuninzi.
“Njengeqela lophando lwezenzululwazi, ekuqaleni sasicinga ukuba kufuneka sibe noxanduva lwenkqubo yophando kunye nokuveliswa kweqokobhe letotshi, kwaye sathi sakufunda ukuba kufuneka senze umsebenzi wokuvelisa ngobuninzi, uxinzelelo lwalulukhulu kakhulu. UGuan Zemin, umanejala jikelele weShanghai Petrochemical, uthe, “Ukususela ekwenzeni iqokobhe letotshi elinye ukuya ekwenzeni amawaka eetotshi ezipheleleyo, ubunzima obubandakanyekayo abukho ngaphantsi kophando nophuhliso lwamaqokobhe etotshi.”
Emva kotyelelo lwendawo yeshishini kunye novavanyo lwesampulu kunye nokuqinisekiswa, ekugqibeleni bamisela amashishini okulungisa iindawo ezahlukeneyo zetotshi yeOlimpiki yaseBusika. Inkqubo iyonke yokudibanisa iqokobhe letotshi, ibhanti eliphaphazelayo langaphakathi, inkqubo yokutshisa, isibane esivuthayo, ukuhlolwa kwetheminali ukuhanjiswa kwemveliso kwindawo enye, eShanghai, eBeijing, eJiangsu, eGuangdong, eHebei, iindawo ezintlanu zokuseka ngokukhawuleza kwaye zibaleke ngokukhawuleza.
Xa ujongisisa “iFlying”, uya kufumanisa ukuba iphinda imo yetotshi ephambili yomsitho wokuvula iMidlalo yeOlimpiki yaseBeijing ngo-2008, inepateni yelifu elimnandi ezantsi, ngokuthe ngcembe iguquguquka ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu ukusuka kwipateni yelifu elimnandi ukuya kwipateni yekhephu elifuzisela iiOlimpiki zaseBusika, kwaye ekugqibeleni lijike libe phezulu. Itotshi enje ngokugqwesileyo ayingomsebenzi wezandla kuphela, kodwa ikwangumsebenzi wobugcisa.
Ukuveliswa kobuninzi bomsebenzi wobugcisa kuya kuhlangabezana nemingeni ngokubhekiselele ekusebenzeni kakuhle, umgangatho, iindleko, njl., kwaye eyona nto iphambili yingxaki yokusebenza kakuhle. Ukuze ugqibezele umsebenzi wokuvelisa ngobuninzi ngexesha elifanelekileyo kunye nomgangatho kunye nobungakanani, iShanghai Petrochemical ibambelela kwisicwangciso somsebenzi wokumisa, ukugqibelela, ukwamkelwa kunye nokuveliswa kobuninzi, kwaye iqulunqa isicwangciso sokuphunyezwa kokuveliswa kobuninzi, kwaye ilungiselela imilo yecandelo ngalinye lebhanti elijikelezayo langaphakathi nangaphandle letotshi, kwisampuli ye-hydrogen cylinder, i-valve yokulawula i-valve, i-valve yokulawula i-valve, i-valve ye-hydrogen kunye ne-valve yokulawula i-valve. lula ukusebenza, njalo njalo, nganye nganye.
Embindini kaSeptemba ka-2021, iisampulu zemveliso yobuninzi yeetotshi ze-propane zokuqokelelwa kwe-Olimpiki yaseBusika ziphumelele ngempumelelo ukuhlolwa kabini kwindawo kunye nokuqinisekiswa komntu wesithathu kunye nokwamkelwa okuququzelelwe yiKomiti eQuquzelelayo yaseBeijing yeMidlalo yeOlimpiki yaseBusika (BOCOG), kwaye nge-22 kaSeptemba ka-2021, iShanghai Petrochemical yazisa ngokusesikweni i-115 kunye nezinye iimveliso ze-propane kunye nezinye iipropatshi ezijikelezayo. I-BOCOG, ngaloo ndlela igqiba ngempumelelo ibhetshi yokuqala yemisebenzi yokuvelisa ubuninzi ehanjiswa yi-BOCOG. Ngokwesicwangciso, ezinye iitotshi ezili-1,200 ziya kuthunyelwa eBeijing phakathi kuJanuwari ka-2022.
Ngomhla we-18 ka-Okthobha, ngo-2021, idangatye leOlimpiki yaseBusika eBeijing laqokelelwa ngempumelelo kwindawo yakudala ye-Olympia ePeloponnese, eGrisi, indawo yokuzalwa ye-Olimpiki Movement. Kwakukho abasebenzi ababini baseShanghai Petrochemical kwiqela lokuqokelela amadangatye, ababenoxanduva ikakhulu lokukhapha ingqokelela yomlilo e-Athene, eGrisi kunye nomsitho wokwamkela idangatye laseBeijing.
“Njengepetrochemist, ndazi kakuhle ukuba ungakanani na uthumo nembeko equkunjelwa yile totshi, kwaye ndiyavuya kakhulu ukuba ndiyigqibe ngempumelelo ingqokelela yokutshisa kunye nokwamkela ubuthunywa.” UFu Xiaoqing, oyiNgcali yeZakhono zePetrochemical yaseShanghai, uthe, “Ngobusuku bangaphambi kwengqokelela yetotshi, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhanjiswa okugudileyo kwetotshi kusuku olulandelayo 'phezu kweentaba nangaphaya kolwandle', sahlala ubusuku bonke, sijonga isixhobo sokutsha rhoqo ngeyure ukuze siqiniseke ukuba yonke into ihamba kakuhle.
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