(I) Umqondo wei-epoxy resin
I-resin ye-epoxy ibhekisela esakhiweni se-polymer chain esiqukethe amaqembu amabili noma ngaphezulu e-epoxy kuma-polymer compounds, ingeye-thermosetting resin, i-resin emele i-bisphenol A uhlobo lwe-epoxy resin.
(II) Izici zama-resin epoxy (ngokuvamile abizwa ngokuthi ama-resin epoxy ohlobo lwe-bisphenol A)
1. Inani lokusetshenziswa kwe-epoxy resin ngayinye liphansi kakhulu, lidinga ukusetshenziswa kanye ne-ejenti yokwelapha ukuze libe nenani elisebenzayo.
2. Amandla aphezulu okubopha: amandla okubopha e-epoxy resin glue ahamba phambili kuma-adhesive okwenziwa.
3. Ukuncipha kokuqina kuncane, ukuncishiswa kwe-epoxy resin ingcina kuncane kakhulu, okubuye kube yi-epoxy resin ingcina ingcina ephilisayo ngesinye sezizathu.
4. Ukumelana okuhle kwamakhemikhali: iqembu le-ether, indandatho ye-benzene kanye neqembu le-aliphatic hydroxyl ohlelweni lokwelapha aziguguleki kalula yi-asidi ne-alkali. Emanzini olwandle, i-petroleum, i-parafini, i-10% H2SO4, i-10% HCl, i-10% HAc, i-10% NH3, i-10% H3PO4 kanye ne-30% Na2CO3 zingasetshenziswa iminyaka emibili; futhi ekucwilisweni okungu-50% H2SO4 kanye ne-10% HNO3 ekushiseni kwegumbi isigamu sonyaka; ukucwiliswa okungu-10% NaOH (100 ℃) inyanga eyodwa, ukusebenza akushintshi.
5. Ukushisa okuhle kakhulu kukagesi: i-voltage yokuqhekeka kwe-epoxy resin ingaba ngaphezu kuka-35kv/mm 6. Ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo, ukuzinza kosayizi womkhiqizo, ukumelana okuhle kanye nokumuncwa kwamanzi okuphansi. Izinzuzo ze-Bisphenol A-type epoxy resin zinhle, kodwa futhi zinezinkinga zazo: ①. I-viscosity yokusebenza, ebonakala ingahambi kahle ekwakhiweni ②. Izinto ezilungisiwe ziyaphuka, ukunwebeka kuncane. ③. Amandla aphansi okuhlubuka. ④. Ukumelana okubi nokushaqeka komshini nokushisa.
(III) ukusetshenziswa kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwei-epoxy resin
1. Umlando wokuthuthukiswa kwe-epoxy resin: i-epoxy resin yasetshenziswa njengelungelo lobunikazi laseSwitzerland yi-P.Castam ngo-1938, inhlaka yokuqala ye-epoxy yathuthukiswa yi-Ciba ngo-1946, kanti i-epoxy coating yathuthukiswa yi-SOCreentee yase-USA ngo-1949, kanti ukukhiqizwa kwe-epoxy resin okuthuthukisiwe kwaqala ngo-1958.
2. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-epoxy resin: ① Imboni yokumboza: i-epoxy resin embonini yokumboza idinga inani elikhulu kakhulu lezingubo ezisekelwe emanzini, izambatho zempuphu kanye nezingubo eziqinile eziphakeme zisetshenziswa kabanzi. Ingasetshenziswa kabanzi ezitsheni zamapayipi, ezimotweni, emikhunjini, ezindizayo, kuma-elekthronikhi, kumathoyizi, emisebenzini yezandla nakwezinye izimboni. ② Imboni kagesi neye-elekthronikhi: i-epoxy resin adhesive ingasetshenziswa ezintweni zokufakelwa kukagesi, njengezilungisi, ama-transformer, ukufaka izimbiza zokuvala; ukuvala nokuvikela izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi; imikhiqizo ye-electromechanical, ukuvala nokubopha; ukuvala nokubopha kwamabhethri; ama-capacitor, ama-resistors, ama-inductor, ubuso bengubo. ③ Ubucwebe begolide, imisebenzi yezandla, imboni yezinto zemidlalo: ingasetshenziswa ezimpawini, ubucwebe, izimpawu zokuhweba, ihadiwe, ama-racket, izinto zokudoba, izimpahla zemidlalo, imisebenzi yezandla neminye imikhiqizo. ④ Imboni ye-Optoelectronic: ingasetshenziswa ekufakweni kwe-capsulation, ukugcwalisa nokubopha ama-diode akhipha ukukhanya (i-LED), amashubhu edijithali, amashubhu e-pixel, izibonisi ze-elekthronikhi, ukukhanyisa kwe-LED neminye imikhiqizo. ⑤Imboni yokwakha: Izosetshenziswa kabanzi emigwaqweni, emabhulohweni, phansi, esakhiweni sensimbi, ekwakheni, ekumbozeni udonga, edamini, ekwakheni ubunjiniyela, ekulungiseni izinsalela zamasiko nakwezinye izimboni. ⑥ Izinamathiseli, izivalo zokuvala kanye nensimu yezinhlanganisela: njengezinsika ze-wind turbine, imisebenzi yezandla, izinto zobumba, ingilazi kanye nezinye izinhlobo zokubopha phakathi kwezinto, i-carbon fiber sheet composite, ukuvala izinto ze-microelectronic nokunye.
(IV) Izici zeinhlaka ye-epoxy resin
1. I-epoxy resin adhesive isekelwe ezicini ze-epoxy resin zokucubungula kabusha noma ukuguqulwa, ukuze imingcele yokusebenza kwayo ihambisane nezidingo ezithile, ngokuvamile i-epoxy resin adhesive nayo idinga ukuba ne-ejenti yokwelapha ukuze isetshenziswe, futhi idinga ukuhlanganiswa ngokulinganayo ukuze ilashwe ngokugcwele, ngokuvamile i-epoxy resin adhesive eyaziwa ngokuthi i-A glue noma i-ejenti eyinhloko, i-ejenti yokwelapha eyaziwa ngokuthi i-B glue noma i-ejenti yokwelapha (i-hardener).
2. Izici eziyinhloko ze-epoxy resin adhesive ngaphambi kokulungisa yilezi: umbala, i-viscosity, amandla adonsela phansi athile, isilinganiso, isikhathi sejeli, isikhathi esitholakalayo, isikhathi sokulungisa, i-thixotropy (ukugeleza kokuma), ubulukhuni, ukucindezeleka kobuso njalo njalo. I-Viscosity (Viscosity): ukumelana kwangaphakathi kokungqubuzana kwe-colloid ekugelezeni, inani layo linqunywa uhlobo lwento, izinga lokushisa, ukuhlushwa kanye nezinye izici.
Isikhathi sejeli: ukuqiniswa kweglue inqubo yokuguqulwa kusuka koketshezi kuya ekuqineni, kusukela ekuqaleni kokusabela kweglue kuya esimweni esibucayi sejeli kuvame ukuba nesikhathi esiqinile sejeli, okunqunywa inani lokuxuba leglue ye-epoxy resin, izinga lokushisa nezinye izici.
I-Thixotropy: Lesi sici sibhekisela ku-colloid ethintwe amandla angaphandle (ukuthuthumela, ukushukumisa, ukudlidliza, amagagasi e-ultrasonic, njll.), ngamandla angaphandle kusukela obukhulu kuya kobuncane, lapho izici zangaphandle zimisa indima ye-colloid emuva kokuqala lapho ukuvumelana kwento kwenzeka.
Ubulukhuni: kubhekisela ekumelaneni kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo namandla angaphandle njengokufaka embossing nokuklwebha. Ngokwezindlela ezahlukene zokuhlola ubulukhuni beShore (Shore), ubulukhuni beBrinell (Brinell), ubulukhuni beRockwell (Rockwell), ubulukhuni beMohs (Mohs), ubulukhuni beBarcol (Barcol), ubulukhuni beVickers (Vichers) njalo njalo. Inani lohlobo lobulukhuni kanye nohlobo lomhloli wobulukhuni oluhlobene nomhloli wobulukhuni osetshenziswa kakhulu, isakhiwo somhloli wobulukhuni beShore silula, sifanele ukuhlolwa kokukhiqiza, umhloli wobulukhuni beShore ungahlukaniswa ngohlobo lwe-A, uhlobo lwe-C, uhlobo lwe-D, uhlobo lwe-A lokulinganisa i-colloid ethambile, uhlobo lwe-C kanye no-D lokulinganisa i-colloid eqinile neqinile.
Ukungezwani kobuso: ukukhanga kwama-molecule ngaphakathi koketshezi ukuze ama-molecule angaphezulu kobuso bangaphakathi abe amandla, la mandla enza uketshezi ngangokunokwenzeka ukunciphisa indawo yalo yobuso kanye nokwakheka kokuhambisana nobuso bamandla, okwaziwa ngokuthi ukucindezelwa kobuso. Noma ukudonswa okuhlangene phakathi kwezingxenye ezimbili eziseduze zobuso boketshezi ngobude beyunithi, kuwukubonakaliswa kwamandla ama-molecule. Iyunithi yokucindezelwa kobuso yi-N/m. Usayizi wokucindezelwa kobuso uhlobene nohlobo, ubumsulwa kanye nokushisa koketshezi.
3. okubonisa izici zeinhlaka ye-epoxy resinIzici eziyinhloko ngemva kokulungiswa yilezi: ukumelana, i-voltage, ukumuncwa kwamanzi, amandla okucindezela, amandla okudonsa (ukudonsa), amandla okugunda, amandla okususa, amandla okushaya, izinga lokushisa lokushintsha kokushisa, izinga lokushisa lokushintsha kwengilazi, ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi, ukumelana namakhemikhali, ukunwebeka, i-coefficient yokuncipha, ukuqhuba kokushisa, ukuqhuba kukagesi, ukwehla kwesimo sezulu, ukumelana nokuguga, njalo njalo.
Ukumelana: Chaza izici zokumelana nezinto ezivame ukumelana nobuso noma ukumelana nevolumu. Ukumelana nobuso kumane nje kuyindawo efanayo phakathi kwama-electrode amabili alinganiswe inani lokumelana, iyunithi yi-Ω. Ukuma kwe-electrode kanye nenani lokumelana kungabalwa ngokuhlanganisa ukumelana nobuso endaweni ngayinye yeyunithi. Ukumelana nevolumu, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukumelana nevolumu, i-coefficient yokumelana nevolumu, kubhekisela enanini lokumelana ngokujiya kwezinto, kuyinkomba ebalulekile yokuchaza izakhiwo zikagesi zezinto ezisebenzisa i-dielectric noma ezisebenzisa i-insulating. Kuyinkomba ebalulekile yokuchaza izakhiwo zikagesi zezinto ezisebenzisa i-dielectric noma ezisebenzisa i-insulating. Ukumelana ne-dielectric okungu-1cm2 ku-leaking current, iyunithi yi-Ω-m noma i-Ω-cm. uma ukumelana kukhulu, kuba ngcono izakhiwo ezisebenzisa i-insulating.
I-voltage yobufakazi: eyaziwa nangokuthi amandla e-standing voltage (amandla okufaka ugesi), lapho i-voltage ikhuphuka emaphethelweni e-colloid, kulapho ukushaja okukhulu ngaphakathi kwezinto kufakwa khona amandla ensimu kagesi, kulapho kungenzeka khona ukuthi i-ion ishayeke, okuholela ekuqhekekeni kwe-colloid. Ukwenza ukuqhekeka kwe-insulator ye-voltage ephansi kakhulu kubizwa ngokuthi into ye-breakdown voltage. Yenza ukuqhekeka kwezinto zokufaka ugesi okuwugqinsi oluyi-1 mm, kudingeka wengeze ama-kilovolts e-voltage abizwa ngokuthi i-insulating material insulation standing voltage strength, okubizwa ngokuthi i-standing voltage, iyunithi iyi: Kv/mm. Ukufakwa kwezinto zokufaka ugesi kanye nokushisa kunobuhlobo obuseduze. Lapho izinga lokushisa liphakeme, kuba kubi kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-insulation kwezinto zokufaka ugesi. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe amandla okufaka ugesi, into ngayinye yokufaka ugesi inokushisa okuphezulu okuvumelekile kokusebenza, kuleli zinga lokushisa elingezansi, ingasetshenziswa ngokuphephile isikhathi eside, okungaphezu kwalokho lokhu kushisa kuzoguga ngokushesha.
Ukumuncwa kwamanzi: Kuyindlela yokulinganisa izinga into ethile emunca ngalo amanzi. Kubhekisela ekukhuleni kwephesenti lesisindo sento ecwiliswe emanzini isikhathi esithile ekushiseni okuthile.
Amandla okudonsa: Amandla okudonsa yingcindezi ephezulu yokudonsa lapho ijeli inwetshwa ukuze iphuke. Yaziwa nangokuthi amandla okudonsa, amandla okudonsa, amandla okudonsa, amandla okudonsa. Iyunithi yi-MPa.
Amandla okucheba: eyaziwa nangokuthi amandla okugunda, ibhekisela endaweni yokubopha iyunithi engamelana nomthwalo omkhulu ohambisana nendawo yokubopha, iyunithi evame ukusetshenziswa ye-MPa.
Amandla okuxebuka: eyaziwa nangokuthi amandla e-peel, umthwalo omkhulu womonakalo ongamelana nobubanzi beyunithi ngayinye, isilinganiso somugqa wamandla, iyunithi ingu-kN / m.
Ukwelulwa: ibhekisela ku-colloid emandleni okudonsa ngaphansi kwesenzo sobude bokwanda kobude bokuqala bephesenti.
Izinga lokushisa lokushintshashintsha kokushisa: ibhekisela esilinganisweni sokumelana nokushisa kwezinto eziphilisayo, iyisampula yezinto eziphilisayo ecwiliswe ohlotsheni lwendawo yokudlulisa ukushisa e-isothermal efanele ukudluliselwa kokushisa, emthwalweni wokugoba ongaguquki wohlobo logongolo olusekelwe kalula, ilinganise ukuguquguquka kokugoba kwesampula ukuze ifinyelele inani elicacisiwe lokushisa, okungukuthi, izinga lokushisa lokugoba kokushisa, okubizwa ngokuthi izinga lokushisa lokugoba kokushisa, noma i-HDT.
Izinga lokushisa lokushintsha kwengilazi: ibhekisela ezintweni ezilungisiwe kusukela efomini yengilazi kuya ekuguqukeni kwesimo esingenasimo noma esinwebeka kakhulu noma esiwuketshezi (noma okuphambene nokuguquka) kobubanzi bokushisa obuncane bephuzu eliphakathi nendawo, okwaziwa ngokuthi izinga lokushisa lokuguquka kwengilazi, elivame ukuvezwa ku-Tg, kuyisibonakaliso sokumelana nokushisa.
Isilinganiso sokuncipha: kuchazwa njengephesenti lesilinganiso sokuncipha kosayizi ngaphambi kokuncipha, kanti ukuncipha umehluko phakathi kosayizi ngaphambi nangemuva kokuncipha.
Ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi: kubhekisela ekungabikho kwamandla angaphandle, i-colloid (izinto ezibonakalayo) ngenxa yokuba khona kwamaphutha, izinguquko zokushisa, izinyibilikisi, nezinye izizathu zokucindezeleka kwangaphakathi.
Ukumelana namakhemikhali: ibhekisela ekhonweni lokumelana nama-acid, ama-alkali, usawoti, izinyibilikisi kanye namanye amakhemikhali.
Ukumelana nomlilo: ibhekisela ekhonweni lezinto zokumelana nokusha lapho zithinta ilangabi noma ukuvimbela ukuqhubeka kokusha lapho zikude nelangabi.
Ukumelana nesimo sezulu: kubhekisela ekuchayekeni kwezinto ezibonakalayo elangeni, ekushiseni nasekubandeni, emoyeni nasemvuleni nakwezinye izimo zezulu.
Ukuguga: ukuphulukisa i-colloid ekucutshungulweni, ekugcinweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwenqubo, ngenxa yezici zangaphandle (ukushisa, ukukhanya, umoya-mpilo, amanzi, imisebe, amandla omshini kanye nemidiya yamakhemikhali, njll.), uchungechunge lwezinguquko zomzimba noma zamakhemikhali, ukuze izinto ze-polymer zixhumanise zibe buthakathaka, ziqhekeke, ziqhekeke, zishintshe umbala, ziqhume, zishintshe ubuso, ziqhekeke, ukusebenza kokuwohloka kancane kancane kwezakhiwo zomshini zokulahlekelwa ukulahlekelwa akukwazi ukusetshenziswa, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi ukuguga. Isenzakalo salolu shintsho sibizwa ngokuthi ukuguga.
I-dielectric constant: eyaziwa nangokuthi izinga lomthamo, izinga elibangelwa (i-Permittivity). Kubhekiselwa "kuvolumu yeyunithi" ngayinye yento, kuyunithi ngayinye "ye-gradient engaba khona" ingasindisa "amandla kagesi" (Amandla kagesi) we-Ingakanani. Lapho i-colloid "i-permeability" inkulu (okungukuthi, ikhwalithi iba yimbi kakhulu), futhi ezimbili ziseduze nomsebenzi wamanje wentambo, kulapho kunzima ukufinyelela khona umphumela wokufakwa kokushisa okuphelele, ngamanye amazwi, kulapho kungenzeka khona ukuthi kukhiqizwe izinga elithile lokuvuza. Ngakho-ke, i-dielectric constant yezinto zokufaka ukufudumala ngokuvamile, lapho incane khona, kungcono. I-dielectric constant yamanzi ingu-70, umswakama omncane kakhulu, izobangela izinguquko ezinkulu.
4. iningi lazoinhlaka ye-epoxy resiniyi-glue yokubeka ukushisa, inezici ezilandelayo eziyinhloko: uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu, ukuqiniswa kushesha; inani elixubile, ukuqiniswa kushesha kakhulu; inqubo yokuqiniswa inezinto ezingaphandle kokushisa.
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