1. I-fiber yengilazi: ukukhula okusheshayo kwamandla okukhiqiza
Ngo-2021, umthamo wokukhiqiza wonke we-glass fiber roving eShayina (okubhekisele kuphela ezwenikazi) wafinyelela amathani ayizigidi ezingu-6.24, kanye nokukhula konyaka nonyaka okungu-15.2%. Uma sibheka ukuthi izinga lokukhula komthamo wokukhiqiza wemboni ethinteke ubhubhane ngo-2020 lalingu-2.6% kuphela, isilinganiso sokukhula eminyakeni emibili sasingu-8.8%, okuhlala ngaphakathi kwebanga lokukhula elifanele. Sithintekile isu lokuthuthukisa "i-dual carbon", isidingo sasekhaya sezimoto ezintsha zamandla, ukwakha ukusebenza kahle kwamandla, izinto zikagesi nezikagesi kanye namandla omoya kanye nemikhakha emisha yamandla saqala ukuba namandla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izimakethe zaphesheya kwezilwandle zathintwa yi-COVID-19, futhi ukungalingani phakathi kokunikezwa nesidingo kwakukubi kakhulu. Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-fiberglass roving, njengentambo kagesi kanye nokusonta kwezimboni, bezintuleka futhi amanani akhuphuke ngokushintshana.
Ngo-2021, umthamo wokukhiqiza wonke we-tank kiln yasekhaya ufinyelele kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-5.8, kanye nokwenyuka konyaka nonyaka okungu-15.5%. Ethintwe ukwenyuka okuqhubekayo kwentengo yezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-glass fiber roving kusukela ngo-2020, umthamo wokukhiqiza i-glass fiber yasekhaya uzimisele kakhulu ukwanda. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kwethonya lokusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kwenqubomgomo "yokulawula kabili" yokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuqinile, amanye amaphrojekthi okulungisa amasha noma abandayo kanye nokwandisa ama-tank kiln aphoqeleka ukuthi ahlehlise ukukhiqizwa. Noma kunjalo, amathangi nama-kiln okulungisa amasha nabandayo angu-15 azoqedwa futhi aqaliswe ukusebenza ngo-2021, ngomthamo omusha wamathani angu-902000. Ekupheleni kuka-2021, umthamo wokukhiqiza wama-tank kiln yasekhaya udlule amathani ayizigidi ezingu-6.1.
Ngo-2021, umthamo wokukhiqiza wonke wemishini yokuthunga esetshenziswa ezindlini wawungamathani angaba ngu-439000, kanye nokwenyuka konyaka nonyaka okungu-11.8%. Ethintwe ukwenyuka kwentengo yokuthunga ngefayibha yengilazi, umthamo wokukhiqiza imishini yokuthunga esetshenziswa ezindlini wanda kakhulu. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, amabhizinisi okudweba izintambo ze-crucible abhekane nezinkinga eziphawulekayo, njengokwenyuka okuqhubekayo kwezinto zokusetshenziswa zamandla nezindleko zabasebenzi, ukuphazamiseka njalo kokukhiqiza yizinqubomgomo zokuvikela imvelo kanye nokulawula amandla, kanye nobunzima bemikhiqizo ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokucubungula kahle kakhulu zemikhiqizo yakamuva. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo yezingxenye zemakethe ezihambisanayo ayilingani, futhi umncintiswano wokuhlanganiswa kwe-homogenization unzima, ngakho-ke kusenezinkinga eziningi ekuthuthukisweni kwesikhathi esizayo. Ifanelekela kuphela ukuhlinzekwa kwamandla engeziwe, igxile ekuhlangabezaneni nezidingo zemakethe encane engezansi, izinhlobo eziningi kanye nezicelo ezihlukanisiwe.
Ngo-2021, amandla okukhiqiza amabhola engilazi okudweba ngocingo lwezitsha ezahlukahlukene eShayina ayengamathani angu-992000, kanye nokwenyuka konyaka nonyaka okungu-3.2%, okwakuhamba kancane kakhulu kunonyaka odlule. Ngaphansi kwesizinda sesu lokuthuthukisa "ikhabhoni ephindwe kabili", amabhizinisi esitofini seglasi abhekene nengcindezi yokuvala ngobuningi ngokuya ngokuhlinzekwa kwamandla kanye nezindleko zezinto zokusetshenziswa.
2. Imikhiqizo yendwangu yefayibha yengilazi: ubukhulu besigaba ngasinye semakethe buyaqhubeka nokukhula
Imikhiqizo ye-felt kagesi: ngokwezibalo ze-China Glass Fiber Industry Association, inani lamandla okukhiqiza lemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yendwangu/felt kagesi eShayina ngo-2021 lalicishe libe ngamathani angu-806000, ukwanda konyaka nonyaka okungu-12.9%. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuze kubanjiswane nokuqaliswa kwesu likazwelonke lokuthuthukisa ukukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile, ukwanda kwamandla embonini yezinto ze-elekthronikhi kuye kwashesha kakhulu.
Ngokwezibalo zegatsha le-laminate elimbozwe ngethusi le-China Electronic Materials Industry Association, umthamo wokukhiqiza i-laminate embozwe ngethusi wasekhaya ufinyelele kumamitha-skwele angu-867.44 million ngo-2020, kanye nokukhula konyaka nonyaka okungu-12.0%, kanye nokukhula komthamo wokukhiqiza kwasheshiswa kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-2021, umthamo wokukhiqiza wephrojekthi ye-laminate embozwe ngethusi esekwe ngendwangu yengilazi uzofinyelela kumamitha-skwele ayizigidi ezingu-53.5 ngonyaka, amamitha-skwele ayizigidi ezingu-202.66 ngonyaka kanye namamitha-skwele ayizigidi ezingu-94.44 ngonyaka ngokulandelana. Kukhona ukwanda kwemisebenzi yokutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu kanye neyokwakha "engakaze ibonwe eminyakeni eminingi" embonini ye-laminate embozwe ngethusi, okuzoholela ekukhuleni okusheshayo kwesidingo semikhiqizo ye-fiber felt yengilazi kagesi.
Imikhiqizo yefelthi yezimboni: ngo-2021, umthamo wokukhiqiza wemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yefelthi yezimboni eShayina wawungamathani angaba ngu-722000, kanye nokwenyuka konyaka nonyaka okungu-10.6%. Ngo-2021, inani lokutshalwa kwezimali ekuthuthukisweni kwezindlu eShayina lafinyelela ku-147602 billion yuan, kanye nokwenyuka konyaka nonyaka okungu-4.4%. Ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sesu lokuthuthukisa "ikhabhoni ephindwe kabili", imboni yokwakha yashintsha ngenkuthalo yaba yindlela yokuthuthukisa eluhlaza ephansi, iqhuba ukukhula okuqhubekayo kwemakethe yezinhlobo ezahlukene zemikhiqizo yefelthi yeglasi emikhakheni yokuqinisa izakhiwo, ukonga amandla kanye nokushisa, ukuhlobisa, ukuhlobisa, izinto ezihlanganisiwe ezingangeni manzi nokunye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthamo wokukhiqiza wezimoto ezintsha zamandla wanda ngo-160%, umthamo wokukhiqiza wama-air conditioner wanda ngo-9.4% unyaka nonyaka, kanye nomthamo wokukhiqiza wemishini yokuwasha wanda ngo-9.5% unyaka nonyaka. Imakethe yazo zonke izinhlobo zemikhiqizo ye-glass fibre felt yokuvikela ukushisa kwezimoto nokuhlobisa, imikhiqizo ye-glass fibre felt yokuvikela ugesi, kanye nemikhiqizo ye-glass fibre felt yokuvikela imvelo, ubunjiniyela bemigwaqo kanye neminye imikhakha igcine ukukhula okuzinzile.
3. Imikhiqizo ehlanganisiwe eqiniswe ngefayibha yengilazi: ukwakheka kwamakristalu e-thermoplastic kukhula ngokushesha
Ngo-2021, inani eliphelele lokukhiqiza imikhiqizo ehlanganisiwe eqiniswe ngefayibha yengilazi eShayina lalicishe libe ngamathani ayizigidi ezingu-5.84, kanye nokwenyuka okungu-14.5% unyaka nonyaka.
Ngokuphathelene nemikhiqizo ye-thermosetting ehlanganisiwe eqiniswe ngefayibha yengilazi, umthamo wokukhiqiza uwonke wawungamathani ayizigidi ezingu-3.1, ukwanda konyaka nonyaka okungu-3.0%. Phakathi kwazo, imakethe yamandla omoya ibhekane nokulungiswa kancane kancane phakathi nonyaka, futhi umthamo wokukhiqiza waminyaka yonke wehla. Kodwa-ke, izuza isu lokuthuthukisa "ikhabhoni ephindwe kabili", iphinde yangena esimweni sokuthuthuka okusheshayo kusukela engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imakethe yezimoto isibuyele esimweni sayo esibalulekile. Iqhutshwa yizinqubomgomo ezinhle zokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni, izimakethe zokwakha kanye nepayipi ziye zaphendukela kancane kancane emncintiswaneni ojwayelekile, futhi imikhiqizo ehlobene nokubumba, i-pultrusion kanye ne-continuous plate ikhule kancane kancane.
Ngokuphathelene nemikhiqizo ye-thermoplastic ehlanganisiwe eqiniswe ngefayibha yengilazi, isikali samandla okukhiqiza sasingamathani ayizigidi ezingu-2.74, kanye nokwenyuka konyaka nonyaka okungaba ngu-31.1%. Ngo-2021, ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto zaseShayina kwafinyelela ku-26.08 million, kanye nokwenyuka konyaka nonyaka okungu-3.4%. Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu, ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto zaseShayina kwaphinde kwazuza ukukhula okuhle. Phakathi kwazo, amandla okukhiqiza izimoto ezintsha zamandla afinyelele ku-3.545 million, kanye nokwenyuka konyaka nonyaka okungu-160%, okuqhuba ukukhula okusheshayo kwemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ye-thermoplastic ehlanganisiwe yezimoto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eminyakeni yamuva nje, ama-air conditioner, imishini yokuwasha, amathelevishini anombala, iziqandisi kanye nezinye izinto zikagesi zasekhaya nazo zigcine umkhuba wokukhula ozinzile. I-Gree, i-Haier, i-Midea kanye nabanye abakhiqizi bezinto zikagesi zasekhaya abakhulu bahlele imigqa yokukhiqiza imikhiqizo ye-thermoplastic ehlanganisiwe, beqhuba ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kokunikezwa kwemakethe kanye nephethini yokufunwa kanye nokukhula okusheshayo kwamandla okukhiqiza.
I-Shanghai Orisen New Material Technology Co., Ltd
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Email: grahamjin@jhcomposites.com
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-16-2022