Ilitye elilukhuni lijika njani libe lusinga olucekeceke njengeenwele?
Iyathandana kwaye inomlingo,
Ingaba yenzeke njani?
Imvelaphi yeFayibha yeglasi
IFayibha yeGlass yaqala yaveliswa eMelika
Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1920, ebudeni bonxunguphalo olukhulu eUnited States, urhulumente wakhupha uMthetho omangalisayo: ukwalelwa kotywala kangangeminyaka eli-14, yaye abavelisi beebhotile zewayini babesengxakini emva komnye.U-Owens Illinois wayengumvelisi omkhulu weebhotile zeglasi e-United States ngelo xesha kwaye wayenokubukela kuphela iziko leglasi elicinyiweyo.Ngeli xesha, indoda ebekekileyo, umbulali wemidlalo, yenzeka ukuba idlule kwiziko leglasi kwaye yafumanisa ukuba iglasi yolwelo echithekileyo yavuthelwa kwimilo yefiber.Imidlalo ibonakala ngathi iNewton yabethwa entloko ngeapile, kwaye ifayibha yeglasi ibikwinqanaba lembali ukusukela ngoko.
Emva konyaka, iMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini yaqhambuka kwaye kwakukho ukunqongophala kwezinto eziqhelekileyo.Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zokulungela ukulwa emkhosini, ifayibha yeglasi yaba yinto ebambeleyo.
Abantu ngokuthe ngcembe bafumanisa ukuba olu hlobo lwemathiriyeli yokugquma luneenzuzo ezininzi zomgangatho wokukhanya kunye namandla aphezulu.Ngenxa yoko, iitanki, inqwelomoya, izixhobo, iivesti zembumbulu njalo njalo zisebenzisa ifayibha yeglasi.
Ichazwa njani ?
Ngo-2021, amandla okuvelisa iibhola zeglasi zokudweba iingcingo kwii-crucibles ezahlukeneyo e-China yayiyi-992000 yeetoni, kunye nokunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka we-3.2%, eyayicotha kakhulu kunonyaka ophelileyo.Ngaphantsi kwemvelaphi yesicwangciso sokuphuhlisa "ikhabhoni ephindwe kabini", amashishini eglasi yebhola yeglasi ajongene noxinzelelo olungakumbi lokuvalwa ngokwemiqathango yonikezelo lwamandla kunye neendleko zemathiriyeli ekrwada.
Ukunyuka kweshishini le-fiber yeglasi yaseTshayina
Ishishini iglasi ifayibha China yavuka ngo-1958. Emva kweminyaka engama-60 yophuhliso, phambi kohlaziyo kunye nokuvula, ikakhulu wakhonza ukhuselo lwesizwe kunye neshishini lomkhosi, kwaye emva koko waguqukela kusetyenziso lwasekuhlaleni, kwaye uphumelele uphuhliso olukhawulezayo.
Abasetyhini abasebenza kwindibano yocweyo evuthuzayo
Ngo-2008, umzobo wetanki yeglasi yegilasi yaseTshayina kwitanki yocingo yokuzoba yafikelela kwi-1.6 yezigidi zeetoni, ibekwa kwindawo yokuqala kwihlabathi.
Itekhnoloji yeMveliso yeFayibha yeglasi
Umzobo wocingo olunqamlezileyo kwangoko
Inkqubo yokuqala yokuvelisa i-fiber yeglasi yayiyiyona ndlela yokudweba i-wire crucible, apho indlela yokubethelwa kodongwe iye yapheliswa, kwaye indlela ye-platinum crucible kufuneka yenziwe kabini.Okokuqala, izinto eziluhlaza zeglasi zinyibilika kwiibhola zeglasi kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, emva koko iibhola zeglasi zinyibilika kabini, kwaye i-fiber filaments yeglasi yenziwe nge-high-speed wire drawing.
Ukungalungi kwale nkqubo kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu, inkqubo yokubumba engazinzanga kunye nemveliso ephantsi yabasebenzi.Okwangoku, le ndlela iye yapheliswa ngokusisiseko ngaphandle kwexabiso elincinci leglasi yefiber enamacandelo akhethekileyo
Umzobo weTanki weSithando socingo
Kule mihla, abavelisi befayibha yeglasi enkulu bayamkela le ndlela (emva kokunyibilikisa izinto ezahlukeneyo ezikrwada kwiziko, baya ngqo kwitshaneli ukuya kwipleyiti yokuvuza ekhethekileyo ukuzoba isandulela sefiber yeglasi).
Le ndlela yokubumba yexesha elilodwa ineenzuzo zokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, inkqubo ezinzileyo, ukuphuculwa kwemveliso kunye nomgangatho, okwenza ukuba ishishini lefiber yeglasi liqonde ngokukhawuleza imveliso enkulu.Yaziwa ngokuba "yinguqu yetekhnoloji yoshishino lwefiber yeglasi" kushishino.
Ukusetyenziswa kweFayibha yeglasi
Kubaluleke ngobuchule kuphuhliso lwefiber yeglasi kunye nemathiriyeli entsha ehlanganisiweyo kutshintsho kunye nokuphuculwa koshishino lwamatye emveli.
"Isuka ezulwini iye emhlabeni kwaye ingenza nantoni na" kwaye inegalelo kwishishini lethu le-aerospace kunye neshishini lezothutho;"Iphakama eholweni kwaye ihla ekhitshini", inakho kwintsimi yokugcinwa kwamandla kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo "ide", kwaye nayo ikwinkalo yezemidlalo kunye nokuzonwabisa "isekelwe";"Inokuba ngqindilili okanye incinci, iguquguqukayo yokutshintsha", engahambelani kuphela nomgangatho onzima wezinto zokwakha, kodwa ihlangabezana neemfuno ezichanekileyo zezixhobo zombane.
Umlingo njengawe-iFiberglass!
I-radome yeenqwelomoya, iinxalenye ze-injini, izinto zamaphiko kunye nemigangatho yazo yangaphakathi, iingcango, izihlalo, iitanki zamafutha ezincedisayo, njl.
Umzimba wemoto, isihlalo semoto kunye nomzimba kaloliwe ohamba ngesantya esiphezulu / ubume, ubume be-hull, njl.
Iblade ye-injini yomoya kunye nesigqubuthelo seyunithi, i-air conditioning fan yokukhupha, igrille ye-civil, njl.
Iiklabhu zegalufa, iirakhi zentenetya zetafile, iirakethi ze-badminton, iipaddles, iskis, njl.
Udonga oluhlanganisiweyo, ifestile yesikrini sokufakelwa kwe-thermal, ukomelezwa kwe-FRP, igumbi lokuhlambela, ipaneli yomnyango, isilingi, ibhodi yokukhanya emini, njl.
Ibhanti yebhulorho, i-wharf, indlela yokuhamba ngokukhawuleza, umbhobho, njl.
Izikhongozeli zemichiza, iitanki zokugcina, iigridi ezichasayo, i-anti-corrosion pipelines, njl.
Ngamafutshane, ifayibha yeglasi yimathiriyeli engeyiyo eyentsimbi esebenza ngokugqwesileyo.Ineengenelo zobunzima obukhanyayo, amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ukuxhathisa ukubola kweekhemikhali, ukumelana nokudinwa kunye nokugqunywa kombane okulungileyo.Isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zoqoqosho lwesizwe, njengokwakhiwa kunye neziseko zophuhliso, iimoto kunye nezothutho, ishishini lemichiza, ukukhuselwa kwendalo, i-electronics kunye nombane, iinqanawa kunye neelwandle, ezixhamla abantu.(umthombo: iSayensi yeZizinto kunye neTekhnoloji yobuNjineli).
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-15-2022