1. Intshayelelo
Lo mgangatho uchaza amagama kunye neenkcazo ezibandakanyekayo kwizinto zokuqinisa ezifana nefayibha yeglasi, ifayibha yekhabhoni, i-resin, izongezo, i-molding compound kunye ne-prepreg.
Lo mgangatho usebenza ekulungiseleleni nasekupapasheni imigangatho efanelekileyo, kunye nokulungiselela nokupapasha iincwadi ezifanelekileyo, iimagazini kunye namaxwebhu obugcisa.
2. Imigaqo ngokubanzi
2.1Intambo yekhowuni (intambo yePagoda):Umsonto welaphu oxhonywe kwi-bobbin ekhonkxiweyo.
2.2Unyango lomphezulu:Ukuze kuphuculwe ukunamathela nge-matrix resin, umphezulu wefayibha uyaphathwa.
2.3Iphakheji ye-Multifiber:Ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluthe kratya: uhlobo lwempahla yelaphu eyenziwe ngee-monofilaments ezininzi.
2.4Intambo enye:Eyona nto ilula yokutsala eqhubekayo equka enye yezi zinto zilandelayo zelaphu:
a) Intambo eyenziwe ngokujija imicu emininzi engaqhubekiyo ibizwa ngokuba yintambo yefayibha enobude obungaguqukiyo;
b) Intambo eyenziwe ngokujija intambo enye okanye ezingaphezulu zefayibha eqhubekayo ngexesha elinye ibizwa ngokuba yintambo yefayibha eqhubekayo.
Qaphela: kwishishini lefayibha yeglasi, intambo enye iyajijwa.
2.5Intambo ye-monofilament:Iyunithi yelaphu ebhityileyo nende, enokuthi iqhubeke okanye ingaqhubeki.
2.6Ububanzi obuqhelekileyo beentambo:Isetyenziselwa ukuphawula ububanzi be-monofilament yefayibha yeglasi kwiimveliso zefayibha yeglasi, elingana nobubanzi bayo obuqhelekileyo. kunye ne-μ M yiyunithi, emalunga ne-integer okanye i-semi-integer.
2.7Ubunzima kwindawo nganye:Umlinganiselo wobunzima bento esisicaba enobukhulu obuthile kwindawo yayo.
2.8Ifayibha yobude obuzinzileyo:ifayibha engaqhubekiyo,Indwangu yelaphu enobubanzi obuncinci obungagqibekanga obubunjwe ngexesha lokubumba.
2.9:Intambo yefayibha enobude obuzinzileyo,Intambo ephothiweyo isuka kwifayibha enobude obungaguqukiyo.iingongoma ezimbini i-zero enyeUkuqhawula ubudeUkwandiswa kwesampuli xa iqhekeka kuvavanyo lokutsalwa.
2.10Intambo yamanxeba amaninzi:Intambo eyenziwe ngeentambo ezimbini nangaphezulu ngaphandle kokujija.
Qaphela: intambo enye, intambo yomsonto okanye intambo zingenziwa zibe yintambo ezininzi ezijikelezayo.
2.12Intambo yeBobbin:Intambo icutshungulwa ngomatshini wokujija ize iboshwe kwi-bobbin.
2.13Umxholo wobumanzi:Ubungakanani bokufuma kwesandulela okanye imveliso bulinganiswa phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Oko kukuthi, umlinganiselo womahluko phakathi kobunzima obumanzi nobomileyo besampuli kubunzima obumanziIxabiso, elichazwe njengepesenti.
2.14Intambo ephothiweyoIntambo yestrandIntambo eyenziwe ngokujija iintambo ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu kwinkqubo enye yokubopha.
2.15Iimveliso ze-hybrid:Imveliso ehlanganisiweyo eyenziwe ngezinto ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu zefayibha, njengemveliso ehlanganisiweyo eyenziwe ngefayibha yeglasi kunye nefayibha yekhabhoni.
2.16Ubungakanani bearhente yokulinganisa:Kwimveliso yeefayibha, umxube weekhemikhali ezithile ezisetyenziswa kwi-monofilaments.
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zezinto ezimanzisa amanzi: uhlobo lweplastiki, uhlobo lwelaphu kunye nohlobo lweplastiki yelaphu:
- ubungakanani beplastiki, okwaziwa ngokuba bubungakanani bokuqinisa okanye ubungakanani bokudibanisa, luhlobo lwearhente yokulinganisa enokwenza umphezulu wefayibha kunye ne-matrix resin bond ibe ntle. Iqulethe izinto ezilungele ukucutshungulwa okanye ukusetyenziswa ngakumbi (ukujija, ukusika, njl.njl.);
-- iarhente yokulinganisa ilaphu, iarhente yokulinganisa elungiselelwe inyathelo elilandelayo lokucubungula ilaphu (ukujija, ukuxuba, ukuluka, njl.njl.);
- iarhente yokumanzisa yohlobo lweplastiki yelaphu, engapheleli nje ekuqhubekeni kwelaphu okulandelayo, kodwa inokuphucula ukunamathelana phakathi komphezulu wefayibha kunye ne-matrix resin.
2.17Intambo yokugoba:Intambo yelaphu ibotshelelwe ngaxeshanye kwi-warp shaft enkulu esilinda.
2.18Iphakheji yokuqengqeleka:Intambo, ukuzulazula kunye nezinye iiyunithi ezinokuvuleka kwaye zilungele ukuphathwa, ukugcinwa, ukuthuthwa kunye nokusetyenziswa.
Qaphela: ukujija kungaba yikeyiki yehank okanye yesilika engaxhaswayo, okanye iyunithi yokujija elungiselelwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokujija kwi-bobbin, ityhubhu ye-weft, ityhubhu yekhonikhi, ityhubhu yokujija, i-spool, i-bobbin okanye i-weaving shaft.
2.19Amandla okuqhaqha ukutyhafa:ukuxhathisa ukutyhafaKuvavanyo lokutsalwa, amandla okuphula ukutsalwa ngokweyunithi nganye okanye uxinano oluthe ngqo lwesampuli. Iyunithi ye-monofilament yi-PA kwaye iyunithi yentambo yi-n / tex.
2.20Kuvavanyo lokutsalwa, amandla aphezulu asetyenziswayo xa isampuli iqhekeka, kwi-n.
2.21Intambo yentambo:Intambo eyenziwe ngokujija imicu emibini okanye ngaphezulu (okanye ukudibana kwemicu kunye nemicu enye) kunye kanye okanye ngaphezulu.
2.22Ibhobhini yebhotile yobisi:Intambo ejikelezayo efana nebhotile yobisi.
2.23Jika:Inani lokujika kwentambo kubude obuthile kwicala le-axial, ngokubanzi libonakaliswa kwi-twist / meter.
2.24Isalathisi sebhalansi ye-twist:Emva kokujija intambo, ukujija kuyalingana.
2.25Jikela umva ujike:Ukujija ngakunye kokujija intambo kukujija kwe-engile kokujikeleza phakathi kwamacandelo entambo kwicala le-axial. Jikela umva ngokujija kwe-engile ye-360 °.
2.26Icala lokujika:Emva kokujikajika, icala elithambekileyo lesandulela kwintambo enye okanye intambo enye kwintambo. Ukusuka kwikona esezantsi ngasekunene ukuya kwikona ephezulu ngasekhohlo kuthiwa yi-S twist, kwaye ukusuka kwikona esezantsi ngasekhohlo ukuya kwikona ephezulu ngasekunene kuthiwa yi-Z twist.
2.27Intambo yomsonto:Ligama eliqhelekileyo lezinto ezahlukeneyo zelaphu ezikwimo yazo ezinomphetho okanye ezingenawo ezenziwe ngeefayibha eziqhubekayo kunye neefayibha ezinde ezizinzileyo.
2.28Intambo ethengiswayo:Umzi-mveliso uvelisa intambo ethengiswayo.
2.29Intambo yentambo:Intambo yefayibha eqhubekayo okanye intambo yefayibha ende ezinzileyo sisakhiwo sentambo esenziwe ngokujija, ukusonta okanye ukuluka.
2.30Ukutsala intambo:I-aggregate engajijwanga equka inani elikhulu lee-monofilaments.
2.31Imodulus yokuguquguquka:Umlinganiselo woxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo lwento ngaphakathi komda we-elastic. Kukho i-tensile kunye ne-compressive modulus of elasticity (ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-young's modulus of elasticity), i-shear kunye ne-bending modulus of elasticity, kunye ne-PA (Pascal) njengeyunithi.
2.32Unizi lolwapho kuyiwa khona:Uxinano olubonakalayo lwezinto ezikhululekileyo ezifana nomgubo kunye nezinto ezibuthuntu.
2.33Imveliso emiselweyo:Susa intambo okanye ilaphu lesixhobo sokumanzisa okanye ubungakanani ngokucoca isinyibilikisi okanye ngobushushu obufanelekileyo.
2.34Ipolisi yentambo yetyhubhu ye-WeftIpini yesilika
Umsonto omnye okanye emininzi yentambo yelaphu ijikelezwe yityhubhu ye-weft.
2.35IfayibhaifayibhaIyunithi yezinto ezicolekileyo ezinemicu enomlinganiselo omkhulu.
2.36Iwebhu yefayibha:Ngoncedo lweendlela ezithile, izinto zefayibha zicwangciswe kwisakhiwo senethiwekhi kwindawo ecwangcisiweyo okanye engeyiyo, ebhekisa ngokubanzi kwiimveliso ezigqityiweyo.
2.37Uxinano olucwangcisiweyo:Ubunzima ngeyunithi nganye yobude bomsonto onesixhobo sokumanzisa okanye ongenaso, kwiteksi.
Qaphela: ekubizeni imisonto, uxinano oluthe ngqo ludla ngokubhekisa kuxinano lwemisonto engenanto eyomileyo kwaye engenamanzi.
2.38Isandulela seStrand:Intambo enye ebotshelelwe kancinci engajijwanga itsalwa ngaxeshanye.
2.39Ukuguquguquka kwe-mat okanye ilaphuUkuguquguquka kwefelt okanye ilaphu
Ubunzima bokunamathela kwi-felt okanye ilaphu elimanziswe yi-resin kwi-mold yesimo esithile.
3. Iglasi yefayibha
3.1 Ifayibha yeglasi ye-Ar ifayibha yeglasi enganyangekiyo ye-alkali
Iyakwazi ukumelana nokukhukuliseka kwezinto ze-alkali ixesha elide. Isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukuqinisa ifayibha yeglasi yesamente yasePortland.
3.2 Ukunyibilika kwe-Styrene: Xa i-fibre yeglasi eqoshiweyo ye-strand felt intywiliselwa kwi-styrene, ixesha elifunekayo ukuze i-felt iqhekeke ngenxa yokunyibilika kwe-binder phantsi komthwalo othile wokutsala.
3.3 Intambo enemibala Intambo ebanzi
Intambo yelaphu yeglasi eqhubekekayo (intambo enye okanye edityanisiweyo) yintambo enkulu eyenziwe ngokusasaza i-monofilament emva konyango lokuguqulwa.
3.4 Umata womphezulu: Iphepha elincinci elenziwe nge-monofilament yefayibha yeglasi (ubude obungaguqukiyo okanye obuqhubekayo) elibotshelelweyo nelisetyenziswa njengomaleko womphezulu wezinto ezidityanisiweyo.
Jonga: i-overlay felt (3.22).
3.5 Iglasi yefayibha yeglasi
Ngokuqhelekileyo ibhekisela kwifayibha yeglasi okanye i-filament eyenziwe nge-silicate melt.
3.6 Iimveliso zefayibha yeglasi egqunywe ngeplastiki: Iimveliso zefayibha yeglasi egqunywe ngeplastiki okanye ezinye izinto.
3.7 Ukwenziwa kweribhoni yeZonity Amandla okuhambahamba kwefayibha yeglasi ukwenza iiribhoni ngokubophelelana kancinci phakathi kweefilaments ezihambelanayo.
3.8 Ifilimu eyenziwe ngefilimu: Inxalenye ephambili yesixhobo sokumanzisa. Umsebenzi wayo kukwenza ifilimu kumphezulu wefayibha, ukuthintela ukuguguleka kunye nokwenza kube lula ukubopha kunye nokuhlanganisana kwee-monofilaments.
Ifayibha yeglasi eyi-3.9 D Ifayibha yeglasi ye-dielectric ephantsi Ifayibha yeglasi ethathwe kwiglasi ye-dielectric ephantsi. Ukulahleka kwayo okungaguqukiyo kwe-dielectric kunye ne-dielectric kuncinci kunefayibha yeglasi engena-alkali.
3.10 I-Monofilament mat: Yinto yokwakha ecwangcisiweyo apho ii-monofilaments zefayibha yeglasi eziqhubekayo zidityaniswe khona kunye ne-binder.
3.11 Iimveliso zefayibha yeglasi enobude obungaguqukiyo: Imodeli yokusetyenziswa inxulumene nemveliso eyenziwe ngefayibha yeglasi enobude obungaguqukiyo.
3.12 I-fibre sliver ende engaguqukiyo: Iifiber ezinde ezingaguqukiyo zicwangciswe ngaxeshanye kwaye zijijeke kancinci zibe yi-fibre bundle eqhubekayo.
3.13 Ukunqunyulwa okunqunyiweyo: Ubunzima bokunqunyulwa kwefayibha yeglasi okanye i-precursor phantsi komthwalo othile omfutshane wokusika.
3.14 Imicu enqunqiweyo: I-short cut continuous fiber precursor engenalo naluphi na uhlobo lokudibanisa.
3.15 I-strand mat enqunqiweyo: Yinto eyakhiweyo eyenziwe ngefayibha eqhubekayo enqunqiweyo, yasasazwa ngokungacwangciswanga kwaye yadityaniswa kunye ne-adhesive.
3.16 Ifayibha yeglasi E Ifayibha yeglasi engena-alkali Ifayibha yeglasi enomxholo omncinci we-alkali metal oxide kunye nobushushu obuhle bombane (umxholo wayo we-alkali metal oxide ngokubanzi ungaphantsi kwe-1%).
Qaphela: okwangoku, imigangatho yemveliso yefayibha yeglasi engena-alkali yaseTshayina imisela ukuba umxholo we-alkali metal oxide akufuneki ube ngaphezulu kwe-0.8%.
3.17 Iglasi yelaphu: Igama eliqhelekileyo lezinto zelaphu ezenziwe ngefayibha yeglasi eqhubekayo okanye ifayibha yeglasi enobude obungaguqukiyo njengezinto ezisisiseko.
3.18 Ukusebenza kakuhle kokwahlulahlula: Ukusebenza kakuhle kokujikeleza okungajijwanga okusasazeka kwiindawo zokuqala zentambo enye emva kokusika okufutshane.
3.19 Umati othungiweyo Umati othungiweyo I-fibre yeglasi ethungiweyo enesakhiwo se-coil.
Qaphela: bona i-felt (3.48).
3.20 Umsonto wokuthunga: Umsonto ojijekileyo nogudileyo owenziwe ngefayibha yeglasi eqhubekayo, osetyenziselwa ukuthunga.
3.21 Umati odityanisiweyo: Ezinye iintlobo zezinto eziqinisiweyo ngefayibha yeglasi zizinto zokwakha ezidityaniswe ngeendlela zoomatshini okanye zeekhemikhali.
Qaphela: izinto zokuqinisa zihlala ziquka i-precursor eqoshiweyo, i-continuous precursor, i-untwisted coarse gauze kunye nezinye.
3.22 Ikhuselo leglasi: Izinto zokwakha ezicwangcisiweyo ezenziwe nge-monofilament yefayibha yeglasi eqhubekayo (okanye enqunqiweyo) ene-bonding encinci.
3.23 Ifayibha yeglasi yesilika ephezulu Ifayibha yeglasi yesilika ephezulu
Ifayibha yeglasi eyenziwe ngonyango lwe-asidi kunye nokusila emva kokutsalwa kweglasi. Umthamo wayo we-silica ungaphezulu kwe-95%.
3.24 Imicu esikiweyo Ifayibha ende elungisiweyo (eyaliwe) I-Glass fiber precursor isikwe kwi-precursor cylinder ize isikwe ngokobude obufunekayo.
Jonga: ifayibha yobude obungaguqukiyo (2.8)
3.25 Ubungakanani bentsalela: Umxholo wekhabhoni wefayibha yeglasi equlethe iarhente yokumanzisa impahla eseleyo kwifayibha emva kokucoca ngobushushu, ochazwa njengepesenti yobunzima.
3.26 Ukufuduka kwee-agent zokulinganisa: Ukususwa kwe-agent yokumanzisa i-glass fiber ngaphakathi komaleko wesilika ukuya kumaleko womphezulu.
3.27 Isantya sokuphuma kwamanzi: Isalathisi somgangatho wokulinganisa ifayibha yeglasi njengokuqinisa. Misela ixesha elifunekayo ukuze i-resin izalise ngokupheleleyo i-precursor kunye ne-monofilament ngokwendlela ethile. Iyunithi ivezwa ngemizuzwana.
3.28 Akukho kujikajika (ukuze kukhululeke ngaphezulu kwesiphelo): Ukujikajika okungajijwanga okwenziwe ngokujika kancinci xa kuhlanganiswa imicu. Xa kusetyenziswa le mveliso, umsonto othathwe esiphelweni sephakheji unokufakwa kwintambo ngaphandle kokujikajika.
3.29 Umxholo wezinto ezitshayo: Umlinganiselo wokulahleka xa kutsha ukuya kubunzima obomileyo beemveliso zefayibha zeglasi ezomileyo.
3.30 Iimveliso zefayibha yeglasi eqhubekayo: Imodeli yokusetyenziswa inxulumene nemveliso eyenziwe ngeefayibha zefayibha yeglasi eqhubekayo ende.
3.31 I-constant strand mat: Yinto eyakhiwe ngendlela edibeneyo eyenziwe ngokubopha i-constant fiber precursor enganqunyulwanga kunye ne-adhesive.
3.32 Intambo yethayi: Intambo yefayibha eqhubekayo yintambo ejijekileyo eyenziwe ngokufaka i-impregnation kunye nokujijeka amaxesha amaninzi. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukuqinisa iimveliso zerabha.
Ifayibha yeglasi eyi-3.33 M Ifayibha yeglasi yemodulus ephezulu Ifayibha yeglasi elastiki ephezulu (eyaliwe)
Ifayibha yeglasi eyenziwe ngeglasi enemodulus ephezulu. Imodulus yayo elastiki ngokubanzi ingaphezulu kwama-25% kunefayibha yeglasi ye-E.
3.34 Ukuzulazula kweTerry: Ukuzulazula okwenziwa kukujijeka okuphindaphindiweyo kunye nokubekwa ngaphezulu kwe-precursor yefayibha yeglasi ngokwayo, ethi ngamanye amaxesha iqiniswe yi-precursor enye okanye ezingaphezulu ezithe tye.
3.35 Iifayibha ezisiliweyo: Ifayibha emfutshane kakhulu eyenziwe ngokusila.
3.36 Isixhobo sokubopha i-binder Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwi-filaments okanye kwi-monofilaments ukuze zilungiswe kwimeko yokusasazwa efunekayo. Ukuba zisetyenziswa kwi-strand mat eqoshiweyo, i-strand mat eqhubekayo kunye ne-surface felt.
3.37 Iarhente yokudibanisa: Into ekhuthaza okanye eseka unxibelelwano oluqinileyo phakathi konxibelelwano phakathi kwe-resin matrix kunye nezinto eziqinisayo.
Qaphela: i-agent yokudibanisa ingafakwa kwizinto eziqinisayo okanye yongezwe kwi-resin okanye zombini.
3.38 Ukugqitywa kokudibanisa: Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwilaphu le-fiberglass ukubonelela ngonxibelelwano oluhle phakathi komphezulu we-fiberglass kunye ne-resin.
I-3.39 S glass fiber I-high strength glass fiber Amandla amatsha e-ecological e-glass fiber atsalwe ngeglasi ye-silicon aluminum magnesium system aphezulu ngaphezu kwama-25% kunalawo e-alkali free glass fiber.
3.40 Umatshini wokulalisa omanzi: Ukusebenzisa ifayibha yeglasi eqoshiweyo njengezinto eziluhlaza kunye nokongeza ezinye izongezo zeekhemikhali ukuze zisasazwe zibe ludaka emanzini, zenziwa zibe zizinto zokwakha ezicwangcisiweyo ngeenkqubo zokukopa, ukukhupha amanzi emzimbeni, ukulinganisa kunye nokomisa.
3.41 Ifayibha yeglasi egqunywe ngesinyithi: Ifayibha yeglasi enefayibha enye okanye umphezulu wefayibha ogqunywe ngefilimu yesinyithi.
3.42 I-Geogrid: Imodeli yokusetyenziswa inxulumene ne-mesh yeplastiki egqunywe ngefayibha yeglasi okanye i-asphalt coated yobunjineli be-geotechnical kunye nobunjineli bokwakha.
3.43 Ukuzulazula ngokujikelezayo: Inqwaba yeefilaments ezihambelanayo (ezihamba ngemicu emininzi) okanye ii-monofilaments ezihambelanayo (ezihamba ngqo) ezidityanisiweyo ngaphandle kokujija.
3.44 Ifayibha entsha ye-ecological: Tsala ifayibha phantsi kweemeko ezithile, uze uthintele ngoomatshini i-monofilament entsha ngaphandle kokuguguleka ngaphantsi kwepleyiti yokuvuza edwebayo.
3.45 Ukuqina: Umlinganiselo apho i-glass fiber roving okanye i-precursor ilula ukutshintsha imo ngenxa yoxinzelelo. Xa intambo ixhonywe kumgama othile ukusuka embindini, iboniswa ngumgama oxhonywe embindini osezantsi wentambo.
3.46 Ukunyaniseka kweStrand: I-monofilament kwi-precursor akulula ukuyisasaza, ukuyiqhekeza noboya, kwaye inamandla okugcina i-precursor ingaphazanyiswanga ibe ziibhanti.
3.47 Inkqubo yeStrand: Ngokwe-multiple and half multiple relationship ye-continuous fiber precursor tex, idityaniswa kwaye ihlelwe ibe luchungechunge oluthile.
Ubudlelwane phakathi koxinano oluhambelanayo lwe-precursor, inani leefayibha (inani leemingxuma kwipleyiti yokuvuza) kunye nobubanzi befayibha bubonakaliswa yifomula (1):
d=22.46 × (1)
Apho: D - ububanzi befayibha, μ m；
T - uxinano oluhambelanayo lwesandulela, iTex;
N - inani leefayibha
3.48 I-Felt mat: Isakhiwo esicwangcisiweyo esenziwe ngee-filaments ezinqunqiweyo okanye ezinganqunyulwanga ezihambelanayo okanye ezingahambelaniyo.
3.49 I-mat enenaliti: I-felt eyenziwe ngokuhlanganisa izinto kunye kumatshini we-acupuncture inokuba kunye okanye ingabi nayo i-substrate material.
Qaphela: bona i-felt (3.48).
amanqaku amathathu amahlanu u-zero
Ukuhambahamba ngqo
Inani elithile lee-monofilaments zibotshelelwe ngqo kwindawo ejikelezayo engajikiyo phantsi kwepleyiti yokuvuza edwebayo.
3.50 Ifayibha yeglasi ye-alkali ephakathi: Uhlobo lwefayibha yeglasi eveliswa eTshayina. Umxholo we-alkali metal oxide umalunga ne-12%.
4. Ifayibha yekhabhoni
4.1Ifayibha yekhabhoni esekwe kwiPANIfayibha yekhabhoni esekwe kwiPANI-carbon fiber eyenziwe nge-polyacrylonitrile (Pan) matrix.
Qaphela: utshintsho lwamandla okutsalwa kunye ne-elastic modulus zinxulumene ne-carbonation.
Jonga: i-carbon fiber matrix (4.7).
4.2Ifayibha yekhabhoni esisiseko sepitshi:I-carbon fiber eyenziwe nge-anisotropic okanye i-isotropic asphalt matrix.
Qaphela: i-modulus ye-elastic ye-carbon fiber eyenziwe nge-anisotropic asphalt matrix iphezulu kuneye-matrices ezimbini.
Jonga: i-carbon fiber matrix (4.7).
4.3Ifayibha yekhabhoni esekwe kwiViscose:Ifayibha yekhabhoni eyenziwe nge-viscose matrix.
Qaphela: ukuveliswa kwefayibha yekhabhoni kwi-viscose matrix kuyekile, kwaye kusetyenziswa kuphela ilaphu le-viscose elincinci ukuvelisa.
Jonga: i-carbon fiber matrix (4.7).
4.4Ukwenziwa kweGraphitization:Unyango lobushushu kwindawo engasebenziyo, ngesiqhelo kubushushu obuphezulu emva kokufakwa kwi-carbonization.
Qaphela: "i-graphitization" kushishino ngokwenene kukuphuculwa kweempawu zomzimba nezekhemikhali ze-carbon fiber, kodwa eneneni, kunzima ukufumana ulwakhiwo lwe-graphite.
4.5Ukwenziwa kweCarbon:Inkqubo yokunyanga ubushushu ukusuka kwi-carbon fiber matrix ukuya kwi-carbon fiber kwindawo engasebenziyo.
4.6Ifayibha yekhabhoni:Iifayibha ezinomxholo wekhabhoni ongaphezulu kwe-90% (ipesenti yobunzima) ezilungiselelwe yi-pyrolysis yeefayibha zendalo.
Qaphela: iifayibha zekhabhoni zihlala zihlelwa ngokweempawu zazo zoomatshini, ngakumbi amandla okutsalwa kunye ne-elastic modulus.
4.7Isandulela sefayibha yekhabhoni:Iifayibha ze-organic ezinokuguqulwa zibe ziifayibha ze-carbon nge-pyrolysis.
Qaphela: i-matrix idla ngokuba yintambo eqhubekayo, kodwa ilaphu elilukiweyo, ilaphu elilukiweyo, ilaphu elilukiweyo kunye nefeli nazo ziyasetyenziswa.
Jonga: i-polyacrylonitrile carbon fiber (4.1), i-asphalt carbon fiber (4.2), i-viscose carbon fiber (4.3).
4.8Ifayibha enganyangwanga:Iifayibha ezingenayo unyango lomphezulu.
4.9Ukuxubana:Ngaphambi kokuba izinto ezibangela i-oxidation ziqale zifakwe kwi-pre oxidation njenge-polyacrylonitrile, i-asphalt kunye ne-viscose emoyeni ngaphambi kokuba i-carbonization kunye ne-graphitization zifakwe kwi-graphite.
5. Ilaphu
5.1Ilaphu lokugquma eludongeniIsigqubuthelo sodongaIlaphu elisicaba lokuhombisa udonga
5.2UkulukaIndlela yokuluka intambo okanye ukujikajika okungajijekanga
5.3I-braidIlaphu elenziwe ngeentambo ezininzi zelaphu ezidityaniswe ngokungenakusongwa, apho icala lelaphu kunye nobude belaphu ngokubanzi azikho kwi-0 ° okanye kwi-90 °.
5.4Intambo yokuphawulaIntambo enombala owahlukileyo kunye/okanye umxube osuka kwintambo yokuqinisa elaphini, esetyenziselwa ukuchonga iimveliso okanye ukwenza lula ulungiselelo lwamalaphu ngexesha lokubumba.
5.5Ukugqitywa kwearhente yonyangoI-arhente yokudibanisa esetyenziswa kwiimveliso zefayibha yeglasi yelaphu ukudibanisa umphezulu wefayibha yeglasi kunye ne-resin matrix, ngokuqhelekileyo kwimpahla.
5.6Ilaphu elihamba kwicala elinyeIsakhiwo esicwangcisiweyo esinomahluko ocacileyo kwinani lemisonto kwicala eligobileyo neligobileyo. (Thatha ilaphu elilukiweyo elingakwelinye icala njengomzekelo).
5.7Ilaphu elilukiweyo lefayibha esisisekoIntambo ye-warp kunye nentambo ye-weft zenziwe ngentambo yefayibha yeglasi enobude obungaguqukiyo.
5.8Ukuluka kweSatinKukho ubuncinane imisonto emihlanu ye-warp kunye ne-weft kwithishu epheleleyo; Kukho indawo enye kuphela yokulungelelanisa i-latitude (longitude) kwi-longitude nganye (latitude); Ilaphu lelaphu elinenombolo ebhabhayo engaphezulu kwe-1 kwaye akukho mahluko aqhelekileyo anenani lemisonto ejikelezayo kwilaphu. Abo banemisonto emininzi ye-warp yi-warp satin, kwaye abo banemisonto emininzi ye-weft yi-weft satin.
5.9Ilaphu elinamaleko amaninziIsakhiwo selaphu esenziwe ngamaleya amabini okanye ngaphezulu ezinto ezifanayo okanye ezahlukeneyo ngokuthunga okanye ukubopha ngeekhemikhali, apho elinye okanye ngaphezulu kwamaleya acwangciswe ngaxeshanye ngaphandle kwemibimbi. Imisonto yomaleko ngamnye inokuba neendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nobunzima obahlukeneyo bomgca. Ezinye izakhiwo zomaleko wemveliso ziquka i-felt, ifilimu, i-foam, njl.njl. kunye nezinto ezahlukeneyo.
5.10Iskrim engalukwangaInethiwekhi yezinto ezingalukwanga ezenziwe ngokubopha iileya ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu zeentambo ezihambelanayo ngesixhobo sokubopha. Intambo ekwileya engasemva ikwi-engile yentambo ekwileya engaphambili.
5.11UbubanziUmgama othe nkqo ukusuka kwindawo yokuqala yokugoba yelaphu ukuya kumda ongaphandle wendlela yokugqibela yokugoba.
5.12Isaphetha sesaphetha kunye nesaphetha se-weftIsiphene sokubonakala apho intambo ye-weft ikwicala elibanzi lelaphu kwi-arc.
Qaphela: isiphene sokubonakala kwe-arc warp yarn sibizwa ngokuba yi-bow warp, kwaye igama layo lesiNgesi elihambelanayo yi-"bow".
5.13Ukuthuthwa kwemibhobho (kwiimpahla ezilukiweyo)Ithishu ebuthuntu enobubanzi obuthe tyaba obungaphezulu kwe-100 mm.
Jonga: i-bushing (5.30).
5.14Ingxowa yokucocaIlaphu elingwevu liyimpahla emile okwepokotho eyenziwe ngonyango lobushushu, ukufunxa, ukubhaka kunye nokucubungula emva koko, elisetyenziselwa ukuhluza igesi kunye nokususa uthuli kwimizi-mveliso.
5.15Uphawu olubhityileyo noluncinci lwecandeloilaphu eligobileyoIsiphene sokubonakala kwamacandelo elaphu atyebileyo okanye abhityileyo esibangelwa kukuxinana kakhulu okanye ukubhitya kakhulu.
5.16Ilaphu eligqityiweyo emva kokugqitywaIlaphu elicwangcisiweyo emva koko lidityaniswa nelaphu elilungisiweyo.
Jonga: ukususa ubungakanani belaphu (5.35).
5.17Ilaphu elixutyiweyoIntambo ye-Warp okanye intambo ye-weft ngelaphu elenziwe ngentambo exutyiweyo ephothiweyo yintambo yefayibha ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu.
5.18Ilaphu elixutyiweyoIlaphu elenziwe ngeentambo ezingaphezu kwezibini ezahlukeneyo.
5.19Ilaphu elukiweyoKwimishini yokuluka, ubuncinane amaqela amabini emisonto elukiweyo ami nkqo omnye komnye okanye kwikona ethile.
5.20Ilaphu eligqunywe ngeLatexIlaphu leLatex (elingafunwayo)Ilaphu licutshungulwa ngokudipha nokugquma i-latex yendalo okanye i-latex yokwenziwa.
5.21Ilaphu elidityanisiweyoImisonto ye-Warp kunye neye-weft yenziwe ngezinto ezahlukeneyo okanye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemisonto.
5.22Isiphelo seLenoIsiphene senkangeleko yoboya obugobileyo obungekhoyo kumphetho
5.23Uxinano lwe-WarpUxinano lwe-WarpInani leentambo ze-warp ngobude beyunithi kwicala le-weft yelaphu, lichazwe ngamaqhekeza / cm.
5.24I-warp warp warpImisonto ibekwe ecaleni kobude belaphu (oko kukuthi, kwicala le-0 °).
5.25Ilaphu elilukiweyo lefayibha eqhubekayoIlaphu elenziwe ngeefayibha eziqhubekekayo kwicala eligobileyo neligobileyo.
5.26Ubude beBurrUmgama ukusuka kumphetho we-warp kumphetho welaphu ukuya kumphetho we-weft.
5.27Ilaphu elingwevuIlaphu eligqityiweyo liwe ecaleni kwento yokuthunga ukuze liphinde lisetyenzwe.
5.28Ukuluka okuqhelekileyoImisonto ye-warp kunye neye-weft ilukwa ngelaphu elinqamlezileyo. Kwilungiselelo elipheleleyo, kukho imisonto emibini ye-warp kunye neye-weft.
5.29Ilaphu eligqityiweyoIlaphu elinoboya beglasi obune-plastic textile emanzisa njengezinto eziluhlaza.
Jonga: isixhobo sokumanzisa (2.16).
5.30Ikheyisi yokulalaIthishu ebumthubi enobubanzi obuthe tyaba obungadluli kwi-100 mm.
Jonga: umbhobho (5.13).
5.31Ilaphu elikhethekileyoIsihlomelo esibonisa imilo yelaphu. Ezona zixhaphakileyo zezi:
- "iikawusi";
- "iingxolo";
- "iifomu zangaphambili", njl.
5.32Ukuvuleka komoyaUkungenela komoya kwelaphu. Isantya apho igesi idlula ngokuthe nkqo kwisampuli phantsi kwendawo yovavanyo echaziweyo kunye nomahluko woxinzelelo
Ivezwa nge-cm / s.
5.33Ilaphu eligqunywe ngeplastikiIlaphu licutshungulwa nge-dip coating PVC okanye ezinye iiplastiki.
5.34Isikrini esigqunywe ngeplastikiinethi egqunywe ngeplastikiIimveliso ezenziwe ngelaphu le-mesh elifakwe i-polyvinyl chloride okanye ezinye iiplastiki.
5.35Ilaphu elicwangcisiweyoIlaphu elenziwe ngelaphu elingwevu emva kokususa ubukhulu.
Jonga: ilaphu elingwevu (5.27), iimveliso zokususa ubungakanani (2.33).
5.36Ukuqina okugobekayoUkuqina kunye nokuguquguquka kwelaphu ukumelana nokuguquguquka kokugoba.
5.37Uxinano lokuzalisaUxinano lwe-WeftInani leentambo ze-weft ngobude beyunithi kwicala le-warp yelaphu, elichazwe ngamaqhekeza / cm.
5.38I-WeftUmsonto ohlala ukwi-engile ekunene ukuya kwindawo yokugoba (oko kukuthi, kwicala le-90 °) kwaye udlula phakathi kwamacala omabini elaphu.
5.39Ucalucalulo lokwahlukaIsiphene sokubonakala kwe-weft kwilaphu sithambekele kwaye asithe nkqo kwi-warp.
5.40Ukuzulazula okulukiweyoIlaphu elenziwe ngokuzulazula okungajijekiyo.
5.41Iteyiphu engenamthungoUbubanzi belaphu leglasi yelaphu elingenalo ulwelo aluyi kudlula i-100mm.
Jonga: ilaphu elincinci elingenalo i-selvage (5.42).
5.42Ilaphu elimxinwa elingenazo izinto zokuzikhuselaIlaphu elingenalo ulwelo, lidla ngokuba ngaphantsi kwe-600mm ububanzi.
5.43Uluka lweTwillUluko lwelaphu apho amanqaku oluluko olugobileyo okanye olugobileyo enza ipateni ethe tyaba eqhubekayo. Kukho ubuncinane imisonto emithathu egobileyo neyoluko kwithishu epheleleyo
5.44Iteyiphu ene-selvageIlaphu leglasi yelaphu elinobubanzi obungadluli kwi-100mm.
Jonga: ilaphu elincinci le-selvage (5.45).
5.45Ilaphu elimxinwa elinee-selvagesIlaphu elinobubanzi obungaphantsi kwama-300 mm.
5.46Iliso leentlanziIndawo encinci kwilaphu ethintela ukumiliswa kwe-resin, isiphene esibangelwa yinkqubo ye-resin, ilaphu, okanye unyango.
5.47Ukuluka amafuIlaphu elukiweyo phantsi koxinzelelo olungalinganiyo lithintela ukusasazwa okufanayo kwe-weft, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kubekho iziphene ezitshintshanayo kwiindawo ezixineneyo nezincinci.
5.48I-CreaseI-print yelaphu lefayibha yeglasi eyenziwe ngokujika, ukugqubana okanye uxinzelelo kwindawo ebhityileyo.
5.49Ilaphu elithungiweyoIlaphu elithe tyaba okanye eliyityhubhu elenziwe ngentambo yefayibha yelaphu elineendandatho ezidityaniswe ngothotho.
5.50Iskrim elukiweyo yelaphu elikhululekileyoUlwakhiwo olucwangcisiweyo olwenziwe ngokuluka imisonto ye-warp kunye neye-weft enesithuba esibanzi.
5.51Ukwakhiwa kwelaphuNgokubanzi ibhekisa kubuninzi belaphu, kwaye ikwabandakanya ulungelelwaniso lwalo ngokubanzi.
5.52Ubukhulu belaphuUmgama othe nkqo phakathi kwemiphezulu emibini yelaphu ulinganiswa phantsi koxinzelelo oluchaziweyo.
5.53Inani lelaphuInani leentambo ngobude beyunithi nganye kwicala le-warp kunye ne-weft yelaphu, elichazwa njengenani leentambo ze-warp / cm × Inani leentambo ze-weft / cm.
5.54Uzinzo lwelaphuIbonisa ukuqina kwendlela edibana ngayo i-warp kunye ne-weft kwilaphu, okubonakaliswa ngamandla asetyenziswayo xa intambo ekwisampulu ikhutshwa kwisakhiwo selaphu.
5.55Uhlobo lombutho wokulukaIipateni eziphindaphindwayo rhoqo ezenziwe nge-warp kunye ne-weft interweaving, ezifana ne-plain, satin kunye ne-twill.
5.56IzipheneIziphene kwilaphu ezibuthathaka umgangatho nokusebenza kwalo kwaye zichaphazele inkangeleko yalo.
6. Iiresini kunye nezongezo
6.1IsikhanyisiIsikhawulezisiInto enokukhawulezisa ukusabela kancinci. Ngokwethiyori, iipropati zayo zeekhemikhali aziyi kutshintsha de kube sekupheleni kokusabela.
6.2Unyango lokunyangaukunyangaInkqubo yokuguqula i-prepolymer okanye i-polymer ibe yinto eqinileyo ngokudibanisa i-polymer kunye/okanye ukudibanisa.
6.3Emva kokunyangwaEmva kokubhakaFudumeza into ebunjiweyo eyenziwe ngezinto ezisebenzisa i-thermosetting ide inyangeke ngokupheleleyo.
6.4I-resin ye-matrixIzinto zokubumba ezisebenzisa i-thermosetting.
6.5Ikhonkco elinqamlezileyo (isenzi) ikhonkco elinqamlezileyo (isenzi)Umanyano olwenza iibhondi ze-covalent eziphakathi kweemolekyuli okanye ze-ionic phakathi kweetyathanga zepolymer.
6.6Ukudibanisa okunqamlezileyoInkqubo yokwenza ii-covalent okanye ii-ionic bonds phakathi kwee-polymer chains.
6.7UkuntywiliselwaInkqubo apho i-polymer okanye i-monomer ifakwa khona kwinto ecaleni kwembobo encinci okanye i-void ngokusebenzisa ukuhamba kolwelo, ukunyibilika, ukusasazwa okanye ukunyibilika.
6.8Ixesha lejeli Ixesha lejeliIxesha elifunekayo ukuze kwenziwe iijeli phantsi kweemeko zobushushu ezichaziweyo.
6.9IsongezeleloInto eyongeziweyo ukuphucula okanye ukulungisa iipropati ezithile zepolymer.
6.10IsigcwalisiKukho izinto eziqinileyo ezingangenisi nto ezongezwa kwiplastiki ukuphucula amandla e-matrix, iimpawu zenkonzo kunye nokuqhubekeka kokusebenza, okanye ukunciphisa iindleko.
6.11Icandelo le-pigmentInto esetyenziselwa ukufaka imibala, idla ngokuba yi-granular ecolekileyo nenganyibilikiyo.
6.12Umhla wokuphelelwa lixesha lokusetyenziswa kwembizaubomi bokusebenzaIxesha apho i-resin okanye i-adhesive igcina khona ukusebenza kwayo.
6.13Iarhente yokutyebaIsongezelelo esongeza i-viscosity nge-chemical reaction.
6.14Beka ubomi kwishelufaubomi bokugcinaPhantsi kweemeko ezichaziweyo, izinto zisagcina iimpawu ezilindelekileyo (ezifana nokuqhubekeka kokusebenza, amandla, njl.njl.) kwixesha lokugcina.
7. Ukubumba i-compound kunye ne-prepreg
7.1 Iiplastiki eziqinisiweyo zefayibha yeglasi Iiplastiki eziqinisiweyo zeglasi Izinto ezidityanisiweyo ze-GRP ezinefayibha yeglasi okanye iimveliso zayo eziqinisiweyo kunye neplastiki njenge-matrix.
7.2 Ukulungiselela ngakunye Ulwakhiwo olunendlela enye olufakwe inkqubo ye-thermosetting okanye ye-thermoplastic resin.
Qaphela: iteyiphu engenazo i-weftless luhlobo lokulungiselela olungenazo i-unidirectional.
7.3 Ukuncipha okuphantsi Kuluhlu lwemveliso, ibhekisa kudidi olune-linear shrinkage ye-0.05% ~ 0.2% ngexesha lokunyanga.
7.4 Udidi lombane Kuluhlu lwemveliso, lubonisa udidi olufanele lube nokusebenza kombane okuchaziweyo.
7.5 Ukuphinda usebenze Kubhekisa kwi-slope ephezulu yexesha lobushushu lomsebenzi womxube we-thermosetting ngexesha lokusabela kokupholisa, nge-℃ / s njengeyunithi.
7.6 Ukuziphatha kokuphilisa Ixesha lokuphilisa, ukwanda kobushushu, ukuncitshiswa kokuphilisa kunye nokuncitshiswa okunetha komxube we-thermosetting ngexesha lokubumba.
7.7 Ikhompawundi yokubumba etyebileyo Ikhompawundi yokubumba yephepha ye-TMC enobukhulu obungaphezulu kwama-25mm.
7.8 Umxube Umxube ofanayo we-polymer enye okanye ezingaphezulu kunye nezinye izithako, ezifana nezizalisi, iiplastiki, ii-catalysts kunye nezinto ezifaka imibala.
7.9 Umxholo ongenanto Umlinganiselo wevolumu engenanto ukuya kumthamo opheleleyo kwiindidi ezidityanisiweyo, ochazwe njengepesenti.
7.10 I-BMC edityanisiweyo yokubumba ngobuninzi
Yimveliso egqityiweyo ngokwebhloko eyenziwe nge-resin matrix, i-fibre yokuqinisa eqoshiweyo kunye ne-filler ethile (okanye ingenayo i-filler). Ingabunjwa okanye ifakelwe ngenaliti phantsi kweemeko ezishushu zokucinezela.
Qaphela: yongeza i-chemical thickener ukuphucula i-viscosity.
7.11 Ukuxhuzula Phantsi kokutsalwa kwezixhobo zokuxhuzula, ifayibha eqhubekayo okanye iimveliso zayo ezifakwe ulwelo lweglue ye-resin ziyafudunyezwa ngokusebenzisa isikhunta sokwenza ukuze kuqiniswe i-resin kwaye kuqhubekeke ukuvelisa inkqubo yokwenza iprofayili edibeneyo.
7.12 Amacandelo aqhekekileyo Iimveliso ezidityanisiweyo ezinemicu emide eziveliswa rhoqo ngenkqubo ye-pultrusion zihlala zineendawo ezinqamlezileyo kunye nemilo engaguqukiyo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Matshi-15-2022